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Structural design criteria for high heat flux components

Saurin Majumdar2000年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe high temperature design rules of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) structural design criteria (ISDC) are applied to first wall designs with high heat flux. The maximum coolant pressure and surface heat flux capabilities are shown to be determined not only by the mechanical properties of the first wall material but also by the details of the blanket-design. In a high power density self-cooled lithium blanket, the maximum primary stress in the first wall is controlled by many of the geometrical parameters of the blanket, such as, first wall span, first wall curvature, first wall thickness, side wall thickness, and second wall thickness. Also, the creep-ratcheting lifetime of the first wall is controlled by many of the same geometrical parameters as well as the coolant temperature. According to most high temperature design codes, the time-dependent primary membrane stress allowable are based on the average temperature (ignoring thermal stress). Such a procedure may sometimes be unconservative, particularly for embrittled first walls with large temperature gradients. The effect of secondary (thermal) stresses on the accumulation of creep deformation is illustrated with a vanadium-alloy, flat plate first-wall design.

日本語訳

国際熱核融合実験炉(ITER)構造設計基準(ISDC)の高温設計規則を、高熱流束を受ける第一壁設計に適用する。最大冷却材圧力と表面熱流束の能力は、第一壁材料の機械的特性だけでなく、ブランケット設計の詳細によっても決定されることが示される。高出力密度の液体リチウム冷却ブランケットにおいて、第一壁の最大一次応力は、第一壁スパン、第一壁曲率、第一壁厚さ、側壁厚さ、第二壁厚さなど、ブランケットの多くの幾何学的パラメータによって支配される。また、第一壁のクリープ・ラチェット寿命も、同じ幾何学的パラメータの多くと冷却材温度によって支配される。ほとんどの高温設計基準では、時間依存性のある一次膜応力の許容値は平均温度に基づいて設定されている(熱応力を無視)。このような手順は、特に大きな温度勾配を有する脆化した第一壁の場合、非保守的となることがある。二次応力(熱応力)がクリープ変形の蓄積に及ぼす影響を、バナジウム合金製の平板第一壁設計を用いて例示する。

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