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Critical heat flux thermodynamics

F.J Collado2002年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractConvective boiling in subcooled water flowing through a heated channel is essential in many engineering applications where high heat flux need to be accommodated, such as in the divertor plates of fusion reactors. There are many available correlations for predicting heat transfer in the individual regimes of the empirical Nukiyama boiling curve, although unfortunately there is no physical fundamentals of such curve. Recently, the author has shown that the classical entropy balance could contain key information about boiling heat transfer. So, it was found that the average thermal gap in the heated channel (the wall temperature minus the average temperature of the coolant fluid) was strongly correlated with the efficiency of a theoretical reversible engine placed in this thermal gap. In this work and from the new proposed correlation, a new expression of the wall temperature in function of the average fluid temperature is derived and successfully checked against experimental data from General Electric. This expression suggests a new and simple definition of the critical heat flux (CHF), a key parameter of the thermal-hydraulic design of fusion reactors. Finally, based on the new definition, the CHF trends are commented.

日本語訳

要約:加熱チャネルを流れる過冷水における対流沸騰は、核融合炉のダイバータ板など、高い熱流束を処理する必要がある多くの工学的応用において不可欠である。経験的なヌキヤマ沸騰曲線の個々の領域における熱伝達を予測するための相関式は数多く存在するが、残念ながら、そのような曲線の物理的基礎は存在しない。最近、著者は、古典的なエントロピーバランスが沸騰熱伝達に関する重要な情報を含み得ることを示した。そこで、加熱チャネル内の平均熱ギャップ(壁温から冷却流体の平均温度を差し引いたもの)が、この熱ギャップに配置された理論上の可逆熱機関の効率と強く相関していることが見出された。本研究では、新たに提案された相関式から、平均流体温度の関数としての壁温の新しい表現が導出され、ゼネラル・エレクトリック社の実験データと照合して成功した。この表現は、核融合炉の熱流体力学的設計の主要パラメータである限界熱流束(CHF)の新しく単純な定義を示唆するものである。最後に、新しい定義に基づいて、CHFの傾向について論じる。

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