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Factors driving stable growth of He clusters in W: first-principles study

Y.J. Feng, T.Y. Xin, Q. Xu, Y.X. Wang2018年被引用 4Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The evolution of helium (He) bubbles is responsible for the surface morphology variation and subsequent degradation of the properties of plasma-facing materials (PFMs) in nuclear fusion reactors. These severe problems unquestionably trace back to the behavior of He in PFMs, which is closely associated with the interaction between He and the matrix. In this paper, we decomposed the binding energy of the He cluster into three parts, those from W–W, W–He, and He–He interactions, using density functional theory. As a result, we clearly identified the main factors that determine a steplike decrease in the binding energy with increasing number of He atoms, which explains the process of self-trapping and athermal vacancy generation during He cluster growth in the PFM tungsten. The three interactions were found to synergetically shape the features of the steplike decrease in the binding energy. Fairly strong He–He repulsive forces at a short distance, which stem from antibonding states between He atoms, need to be released when additional He atoms are continuously bonded to the He cluster. This causes the steplike feature in the binding energy. The bonding states between W and He atoms in principle facilitate the decreasing trend of the binding energy. The decrease in binding energy with increasing number of He atoms implies that He clusters can grow stably.

日本語訳

ヘリウム(He)バブルの成長は、核融合炉におけるプラズマ対向材料(PFM)の表面形態の変化とその後の特性劣化の原因となる。これらの深刻な問題は、間違いなくPFM中のHeの挙動に起因しており、それはHeと母材との間の相互作用と密接に関連している。本論文では、密度汎関数理論を用いて、Heクラスターの結合エネルギーをW–W、W–He、He–Heの三つの相互作用に分解した。その結果、He原子数の増加に伴う結合エネルギーの階段状の減少を決定づける主要因子を明確に特定し、PFMであるタングステン中のHeクラスター成長における自己捕獲と非熱平衡空孔生成のメカニズムを説明した。三つの相互作用が、結合エネルギーの階段状減少の特徴を相乗的に形成することが明らかになった。短距離における比較的強いHe–He斥力は、He原子間の反結合状態に由来し、追加のHe原子がHeクラスターに連続的に結合する際に解放される必要がある。これが結合エネルギーの階段状の特徴を生み出す。W–He間の結合状態は、基本的に結合エネルギーの減少傾向を促進する。He原子数の増加に伴う結合エネルギーの減少は、Heクラスターが安定に成長できることを示唆している。

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