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Ion-streaming induced order transition in three-dimensional dust clusters

Patrick Ludwig, Hanno Kählert, Michael Bonitz2012年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Dust dynamics simulations utilizing a dynamical screening approach are performed to study the effect of ion-streaming on the self-organized structures in a three-dimensional spherically confined complex (dusty) plasma. Varying the Mach number M, the ratio of ion drift velocity to the sound velocity, the simulations reproduce the experimentally observed cluster configurations in the two limiting cases: at M = 0 strongly correlated crystalline structures consisting of nested spherical shells (Yukawa balls) and, for M ⩾ 1, flow-aligned dust chains, respectively. In addition, our simulations reveal a discontinuous transition between these two limits. It is found that already a moderate ion drift velocity (M ≈ 0.1 for the plasma conditions considered here) destabilizes the highly ordered Yukawa balls and initiates an abrupt melting transition. The critical value of M is found to be independent of the cluster size.

日本語訳

ダスト動力学シミュレーションを動的遮蔽アプローチを用いて実施し、三次元球状閉じ込め複合(ダスト)プラズマにおける自己組織化構造に対するイオン流の影響を調べた。マッハ数M(イオン流速と音速の比)を変化させたところ、シミュレーションは実験で観測されるクラスター配置を2つの極限の場合において再現した:M = 0では、入れ子状の球殻からなる強相関結晶構造(湯川ボール)が形成され、M ≥ 1では、流れに沿って整列したダスト鎖が形成された。さらに、シミュレーションはこれらの2つの極限の間で不連続な遷移が生じることを明らかにした。ここで考慮したプラズマ条件では、既に中程度のイオン流速(M ≈ 0.1)が高度に秩序だった湯川ボールを不安定化させ、急激な融解遷移を引き起こすことが見出された。臨界マッハ数Mはクラスターサイズに依存しないことが明らかになった。

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