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Study on the effects of initial ice layer and temperature distribution on the redistribution of D2 fuel layer in a cryogenic target

Yina Yao, Guanhua Chen, Wei Lin, Kai Wang, Hui Zhang, Fei Dai2025年6月Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is one of the primary methods for achieving controlled nuclear fusion, which is closely related to energy security and national security. High peak-power laser systems are utilized in ICF experiments to compress the capsule which contains a solid hydrogen layer, making the ice layer highly compressed so as to initiate ignition. To achieve an ignition with a cryogenic target, the fuel ice layer (deuterium–tritium (DT) or D2) in the target needs to be highly symmetrical, uniform and smooth. To better control the ice preparation process, specific procedures of temperature control are crucial and needs to be investigated (Yang et al 2021 Matter Radiat. Extrem.6 055901). Based on the level set multiphase (Tao et al 2022 Nucl. Fusion62 076029; Stanley Osher 2003 Level Set Methods and Dynamic Implicit Surfaces (Springer)) model and the phase change model, a numerical model is established to simulate the coupled process of heat transfer, melting and multiphase flow of D2 ice in the target. Phase change is realized using a modified heat capacity method, in which the phase change material is modeled as a liquid with temperature-dependent capacity (Gibou et al 2021 J. Comput. Phys.353 82–109). The effects of the temperature boundary and the initial ice layer distribution on the coupled process are investigated. The results show that a vertical downward temperature gradient is more conducive to matching the melting process the fluid flow process. For an initial uniformly distributed ice layer, both the rising distance of the vapor-phase region and the melting time of the ice increase with increasing ice volume, while the rising time decreases significantly. A non-uniform initial ice layer distribution leads to a greater deviation in the melting time compared to the case of a uniform initial ice layer. As the ice volume increases, the required deviation distance for the vapor phase region to convert a non-uniform fuel layer into a uniform fuel layer after ice melting increases. Our work contributes to the optimization of the parameters involved in the preparation of D2 ice layers, which is of great significance to enhance the energy security guarantee capability.

日本語訳

慣性核融合(ICF)は、制御核融合を達成するための主要な方法の一つであり、エネルギー安全保障および国家安全保障と密接に関連している。ICF実験では、高ピーク出力レーザーシステムを用いて、固体水素層を内含するカプセルを圧縮し、点火を開始するために氷層を高度に圧縮する。極低温ターゲットによる点火を達成するには、ターゲット内の燃料氷層(重水素-トリチウム(DT)またはD2)が高度に対称的で、均一かつ滑らかである必要がある。氷調製プロセスをより良く制御するために、温度制御の具体的な手順が重要であり、調査される必要がある(Yang et al 2021 Matter Radiat. Extrem.6 055901)。レベルセット多相(Tao et al 2022 Nucl. Fusion62 076029; Stanley Osher 2003 Level Set Methods and Dynamic Implicit Surfaces (Springer))モデルと相変化モデルに基づき、ターゲット内のD2氷の熱伝達、融解、多相流の連成過程をシミュレートするための数値モデルを構築した。相変化は、修正熱容量法を用いて実現され、ここでは相変化材料は温度依存性熱容量を持つ液体としてモデル化される(Gibou et al 2021 J. Comput. Phys.353 82–109)。温度境界条件と初期氷層分布が連成過程に及ぼす影響を調査した。結果は、鉛直下向きの温度勾配が融解過程と流体流動過程を整合させるのにより有利であることを示している。初期均一分布の氷層の場合、気相領域の上昇距離と氷の融解時間はどちらも氷体積の増加とともに増加するが、上昇時間は有意に減少する。初期の非一様な氷層分布は、初期の一様な氷層の場合と比較して、融解時間により大きな偏差をもたらす。氷体積が増加するにつれて、氷融解後に非一様な燃料層を一様な燃料層へ変換するために気相領域に必要な偏差距離は増加する。我々の研究は、D2氷層の調製に関わるパラメータの最適化に貢献し、エネルギー安全保障の保証能力を高める上で極めて重要である。

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AIによる論文要約

固体水素層の再分配に初期氷層と温度分布が及ぼす影響に関する研究
JAこの論文は、慣性核融合の研究者や技術者に有益です。特に、ターゲットの設計と製造に携わる人々にとって、重要な知見を提供しています。#InertiaCapsuleDesign #FuelLayerOptimization #CryogenicTargets
LLM向け: {'Title': '固体水素層の再分配に初期氷層と温度分布が及ぼす影響に関する研究', 'Author(s)': 'Yang et al.', 'Resear…

この論文は、慣性核融合実験における固体水素層の最適化について研究しています。数値シミュレーションにより、初期氷層の分布と温度勾配が、氷の融解と気相領域の挙動に及ぼす影響を明らかにしています。これは、より対称的で均一な燃料層を得るための重要な知見となります。

Study on the effects of initial ice layer and temperature distribution on the redistribution of D2 fuel layer in a cryogenic target
ENThis paper should be read by researchers and engineers working on inertial confinement fusion, particularly those involved in the design and optimization of cryogenic targets and the ice layer preparation process.#InertiialConfinementFusion #CryogenicTarget #FuelIceLayer #HeatTransfer #MultiphaseFlow
LLM向け: {'Title': 'Study on the effects of initial ice layer and temperature distributio…

This paper investigates how the initial ice layer and temperature distribution affect the redistribution of D2 fuel in a cryogenic target used for inertial confinement fusion. The researchers developed a numerical model to simulate the heat transfer, melting, and multiphase flow of the D2 ice. Their findings show that a vertical downward temperature gradient and a uniform initial ice layer distribution are more conducive to achieving a symmetrical, uniform, and smooth fuel layer, which is crucial for successful fusion ignition.

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