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Hamiltonian analysis of electron self-injection and acceleration into an evolving plasma bubble

S A Yi, V Khudik, S Y Kalmykov, G Shvets2011年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Injection and acceleration of the background plasma electrons in laser wakefield accelerators (LWFA) operated in the blowout ('bubble') regime are analysed. Using a model of a slowly expanding spherical plasma bubble propagating with an ultra-relativistic speed, we derive a sufficient condition for the electron injection: the change in the electron's Hamiltonian in the co-moving with the bubble reference frame must exceed its rest mass energy mec2. We demonstrate the existence of the minimal expansion rate of the bubble needed for electron injection. We demonstrate that if the bubble's expansion is followed by its stabilization or contraction, then a quasi-monoenergetic electron beam can be produced owing to the phase space rotation of the beam inside the bubble. Using particle-in-cell simulations, we verify that the temporal expansion of the bubble is indeed the dominant effect responsible for electron self-injection and trapping in the rarefied plasmas relevant to LWFA with petawatt-class lasers.

日本語訳

レーザー航跡場加速器(LWFA)においてブローアウト(「バブル」)領域で動作する際の、背景プラズマ電子の注入と加速を解析する。超相対論的速度で伝播するゆっくりと膨張する球状プラズマバブルのモデルを用いて、電子注入の十分条件を導出する:バブルと共動する座標系における電子のハミルトニアンの変化が、その静止質量エネルギーmec2を超えなければならない。電子注入に必要なバブルの最小膨張率の存在を示す。バブルの膨張がその後安定化または収縮に転じる場合、バブル内部でのビームの位相空間回転により、準単色電子ビームが生成され得ることを示す。パーティクル・イン・セルシミュレーションを用いて、ペタワット級レーザーを用いたLWFAに関連する希薄プラズマにおいて、バブルの時間的膨張が実際に電子の自己注入と捕捉を担う支配的効果であることを検証する。

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