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Symbiotic system of a fusion and a fission reactor with very simple fuel reprocessing

V.L. Blinkin, V.M. Novikov1978年被引用 17Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The authors consider a symbiotic fusion and fission reactor system which ensures the breeding of nuclear fuel. In the blanket of the fusion reactor, 233U is produced from thorium circulating in the form of ThF4 in a mixture of sodium and beryllium fluoride melts. The molten-salt fission reactor burns the 233U and produces, for the fusion reactor, tritium from lithium circulating through its core in the form of LiF mixed with BeF2 and 233UF4. If the ratio of the thermal capacities of the fusion and the fission reactor is 1 : 11, the system will generate electric power and breed fuel with a doubling time of 4–5 years.The system has the following special features:1. Much simpler and cheaper fuel reprocessing than with present fission reactors. Reprocessing consists merelyof constantly removing 233U from the salt circulating in the fusion reactor blanket by fluorination andremoving xenon from the fuel salt of the molten-salt reactor by gas purging. The fuel salt of the molten-saltreactor is renewed periodically and the 233U extracted from it.2. Tritium production takes place in the fission reactor, which is a simpler system than the fusion reactor.3. The fusion reactor blanket is almost "clean": tritium is not produced in it and the fission fragmentactivity does not exceed the activity induced in the structural materials.4. Virtually all the thorium in the fusion reactor blanket can be used for producing 233U.

日本語訳

著者らは、核燃料の増殖を保証する共生型核融合・核分裂炉システムを考察している。核融合炉のブランケット内では、ナトリウムとフッ化ベリリウムの溶融塩混合物中でThF4の形で循環するトリウムから233Uが生成される。溶融塩核分裂炉は233Uを燃焼させ、核融合炉のために、その炉心をLiFとBeF2および233UF4の混合物の形で循環するリチウムからトリチウムを生成する。核融合炉と核分裂炉の熱容量比が1:11であれば、このシステムは電力を生成し、4〜5年の倍増時間で燃料を増殖する。このシステムには以下のような特別な特徴がある:1. 現在の核分裂炉よりもはるかに簡素で安価な燃料再処理。再処理は、核融合炉ブランケット内を循環する塩からフッ化処理により233Uを絶えず除去し、溶融塩炉の燃料塩からガスパージによりキセノンを除去するだけでよい。燃料塩は定期的に更新され、そこから233Uが抽出される。2. トリチウム生成は核分裂炉で行われ、これは核融合炉よりも単純なシステムである。3. 核融合炉ブランケットはほぼ「クリーン」である:そこではトリチウムは生成されず、核分裂生成物の放射能は構造材料に誘起される放射能を超えない。4. 核融合炉ブランケット内のトリチウムのほぼすべてを233Uの生成に利用できる。

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