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Water radiolysis under NET conditions

P. Lorenzetto, E. Bjergbakke, B. Hickel1991年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractRadiolytic decomposition of the NET-plasma Facing Component and Blanket water coolant is expected due to the intense radiation fields present inside the vaccum vessel. A sensitivity analysis has been performed by computer simulation to study the formation and the suppression of the radiolytic products under NET conditions. The formation of the stable radiolytic products (oxygen, hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide) formed within the water due to the decomposition induced by mixed neutron and gamma irradiation is given for several cases, which are relevant to the First Wall water coolant. The influence of coolant temperature (20°C, 70°C, 130°C, 200°C), heterogenous decomposition of H2O2, added solutes such as hydrogen, and ferrous ions simulating possible corrosion products has been studied. There are still large discrepancies in the literature on the radiation chemical yields (G-values) in the case of the neutron irradiation. Therefore three sets of G-values have been considered, and the sensitivity of the applied G-values for mixed neutron and gamma irradiation has been investigated as well. For all these cases, the hydrogen concentration required to suppress the water radiolysis is given, and some critical issues with respect to the specific contribution of neutrons with high energy typical for the fusion spectrum (10–14 MeV) on the radiolytic water decomposition have been discussed.

日本語訳

NETプラズマ対向機器およびブランケット水冷却材の放射線分解は、真空容器内部に存在する強力な放射線場により生じることが予想される。NET条件下での放射線分解生成物の生成と抑制を研究するため、コンピュータシミュレーションによる感度解析が実施された。混合中性子線およびガンマ線照射による分解に起因して水中で生成される安定な放射線分解生成物(酸素、水素、過酸化水素)の生成について、第一壁水冷却材に関連するいくつかのケースについて示す。冷却材温度(20°C、70°C、130°C、200°C)、H₂O₂の不均一分解、水素などの添加溶質、および可能性のある腐食生成物を模擬した第一鉄イオンの影響が研究された。中性子線照射の場合の放射線化学収率(G値)については、文献によって依然として大きな相違がある。そのため、3組のG値が考慮され、混合中性子線およびガンマ線照射に対する適用G値の感度も調査された。これらすべてのケースについて、水の放射線分解を抑制するために必要な水素濃度が示され、核融合スペクトルに典型的な高エネルギー中性子(10〜14 MeV)の放射線分解による水の分解への特異的な寄与に関するいくつかの重要な問題が議論された。

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