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Japanese developments of fusion reactor plasma facing components

T. Hino, M. Akiba2000年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractFor ITER and fusion reactors, evaluation studies on plasma facing materials and low activation materials, and developments of plasma facing components have achieved significant advances in Japan. Plasma material interactions of in-vessel materials such as carbon-tungsten mixed material, carbon dust, ferritic steel, vanadium alloy and SiC have been investigated. In particular, gas desorption, fuel hydrogen retention and hydrogen absorption which causes hydrogen embrittlement have been examined, and the suitability as an in-vessel material has been discussed. For the plasma facing components of ITER, new materials and technologies have been developed. 3-D-CFC with high thermal conductivity (500 W/m per K), CVD technique for tungsten coating with 5-mm thickness, oxygen free copper clad dispersion strengthened copper cooling tube (OFCu clad DS Cu), and joining technique between carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite (CFC) and copper alloy with silver-free braze have been developed. A component of CFC brazed onto OFCu clad DS Cu with silver-free braze withstood a heat flux of 20 MW/m2. For fusion reactors, a cooling structure made of low activation ferritic steel has been developed.

日本語訳

ITERおよび核融合炉のために,我が国ではプラズマ対向材料や低放射化材料の評価研究,プラズマ対向機器の開発が著しく進展した。炭素・タングステン混合材料,炭素ダスト,フェライト鋼,バナジウム合金,SiCなどの炉内材料のプラズマ材料相互作用について調べた。特に,ガス放出,燃料水素の保持,水素脆化の原因となる水素吸収について検討し,炉内材料としての適合性を議論した。ITERのプラズマ対向機器については,新しい材料と技術が開発された。高熱伝導率(500 W/m・K)の3次元炭素繊維複合材料(3D-CFC),5mm厚のタングステン被覆のCVD技術,無酸素銅クラッド分散強化銅合金冷却管(OFCuクラッドDS Cu),銀フリーブレーズによる炭素繊維複合材料(CFC)と銅合金の接合技術が開発された。銀フリーブレーズでOFCuクラッドDS Cuに接合したCFC部品は,20 MW/m²の熱流束に耐えた。核融合炉については,低放射化フェライト鋼製の冷却構造物が開発された。

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