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A volume-averaged model of nitrogen–hydrogen plasma chemistry to investigate ammonia production in a plasma-surface-interaction device

Thomas Body, Samuel Cousens, Juliet Kirby, Cormac Corr2018年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Nitrogen impurity seeding is a promising technique for increasing the radiative power dissipation rate in the edge plasma of a fusion device. It will be required in future fusion devices such as ITER to reduce the directed heat flux on the divertor strike-points to within erosion limits. However, chemical reactions between nitrogen and fuel isotopes may complicate tritium control measures by increasing in-vessel retention and impacting the gas-handling plant. To gain insight into the nitrogen–hydrogen plasma chemistry a volume-averaged (global) model is developed and compared with experimental measurements in the MAGnetised Plasma Interaction Experiment plasma device. A set of 702 reactions is compiled and used to model the population dynamics of 51 relevant neutral, ionic, electron, surface and metastable excited state species. Stable equilibrium values are compared to results from an experimental investigation in which a combination of mass spectrometry, Langmuir probe analysis and optical emission spectroscopy is used to determine neutral and positive-ionic trends under the same conditions. The dominant ammonia production mechanism is found to be the Langmuir–Hinshelwood reaction between adsorbed atomic hydrogen and above 25% hydrogen concentration. For lower hydrogen proportions the Eley–Rideal reaction between free atomic hydrogen and is found to dominate. The dominant loss mechanism (for all compositions) is found to be electron impact dissociation into neutral fragments.

日本語訳

窒素不純物シーディングは、核融合装置の周辺プラズマにおける放射損失率を増大させるための有望な手法である。将来の核融合装置、例えばITERにおいては、ダイバータ打撃点への指向性熱流束を侵食限界内に低減するために必要となる。しかしながら、窒素と燃料同位体との間の化学反応は、容器内保持量を増加させ、ガス処理プラントに影響を与えることにより、トリチウム管理対策を複雑化させる可能性がある。窒素-水素プラズマ化学に関する知見を得るために、体積平均(グローバル)モデルを構築し、MAGnetised Plasma Interaction Experiment(MAGPIE)プラズマ装置における実験測定結果と比較した。51種類の関連する中性種、イオン種、電子、準安定励起種の個体群動態をモデル化するために、702の反応からなるセットを構築した。安定平衡値は、同一条件下で質量分析法、ラングミュアプローブ解析法、および発光分光法の組み合わせを用いて中性種および陽イオンの傾向を決定した実験的調査の結果と比較された。支配的なアンモニア生成機構は、水素濃度が25%を超える場合、吸着した原子状水素とN₂との間のラングミュア・ヒンシェルウッド反応であることが見出された。より低い水素割合では、自由原子状水素とN₂との間のエリー・ライデル反応が支配的であることが見出された。全組成において支配的な損失機構は、中性フラグメントへの電子衝突解離であることが見出された。

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