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The accessibility of high-beta tokamak states

J.T. Hogan1979年被引用 25Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Encouraging results with neutral-beam heating and adiabatic compression of tokamak plasmas have prompted new experiments which will study the approach to high-β states. As projected tokamak β-values become non-negligible (average β of 4% is the goal), the models previously used for transport calculations will become inadequate. The models will now be required to account for the evolution of the magnetic geometry, along with the change in plasma parameters. An axisymmetric-transport model is presented, which should be useful for studying the approach to higher β-values in tokamak experiments. Results from transport calculations with this model allow an analysis of the limits to β in two seemingly unrelated experiments: electron heating by neutral injection in the ORMAK device and adiabatic compression in the ATC experiment. By extrapolating empirical models for plasma transport, it is found that flux conserving (FCT) equilibria ought to be accessible by means of neutral beam heating. Finally, it is found that the nature of cross-field transport may be expected to change as significant β-values are reached. Enhanced transport from ballooning instabilities is likely to play a role as important as that now played by sawtooth (m = 1) and saturated (m = 2) instabilities. New techniques for describing this transport are required.

日本語訳

トカマクプラズマの中性粒子ビーム加熱と断熱圧縮による有望な結果により、高ベータ状態への接近を研究する新たな実験が計画されている。予測されるトカマクのベータ値が無視できないものになるにつれ(平均ベータ4%が目標)、従来の輸送計算に用いられてきたモデルでは不十分となる。今後は、プラズマパラメータの変化に加えて、磁気幾何学の時間発展を考慮したモデルが必要とされる。トカマク実験における高ベータ値への接近過程の研究に有用な軸対称輸送モデルを提示する。このモデルを用いた輸送計算の結果により、一見無関係な二つの実験、すなわちORMAK装置における中性粒子入射による電子加熱と、ATC実験における断熱圧縮におけるベータ値の限界の解析が可能となる。プラズマ輸送の経験的モデルを外挿することにより、磁束保存(FCT)平衡状態は中性粒子ビーム加熱によって到達可能であることが見出された。最後に、ベータ値が有意な値に達すると、横断輸送の性質が変化することが予想される。バルーニング不安定性による輸送の増強は、現在ソートーシング(m = 1)および飽和(m = 2)不安定性が担っている役割と同様に重要な役割を果たす可能性が高い。このような輸送を記述するための新たな手法が必要である。

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