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Measurement requirements for the advanced tokamak operation of a burning plasma experiment

R L Boivin, T Casper, K M Young2004年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The optimization of a tokamak towards steady state and high performance has been the focus of advanced tokamak (AT) research for the past decade. A central theme of AT research line is plasma control: control of the plasma shape; of the profiles of current, pressure, and rotation; of transport; and of MHD stability. To optimize the performance, measurements of crucial parameters such as the current density and the plasma pressure are required with appropriate spatial coverage and resolution. In addition, measurements of other parameters will be necessary to develop a fundamental understanding of the complex nonlinear interactions amongst the current density profile, the pressure profile and transport (e.g. turbulence) in high β AT plasmas. Present day experiments are providing physics insight into what a burning plasma experiment (BPX) will require as measurements. Recent research has focused on MHD stability aspects such as the neoclassical tearing mode and resistive wall mode stabilization and control of the current profile. However, in burning plasmas, new factors such as alpha particles, with their heating contribution and their relationship to transport barriers, will be increasingly important. The close relationship between measurements and active control, and the resultant impact on the requirements, will be discussed.

日本語訳

過去10年間、先進トカマク研究(AT研究)の焦点は、定常状態かつ高性能を実現するトカマクの最適化に置かれてきた。AT研究の中心的テーマはプラズマ制御、すなわちプラズマ形状の制御、電流密度・圧力・回転の分布の制御、輸送の制御、そしてMHD安定性の制御である。性能を最適化するためには、電流密度やプラズマ圧力などの重要なパラメータを、適切な空間分解能と空間的カバレッジで計測することが必要である。さらに、高βATプラズマにおける電流密度分布、圧力分布、輸送(例えば乱流)の間の複雑な非線形相互作用を根本的に理解するためには、他のパラメータの計測も必要となる。現在の実験は、燃焼プラズマ実験(BPX)が計測として何を要求するかについて物理的知見を提供している。最近の研究は、新古典テアリングモードや抵抗性壁モードの安定化、電流密度分布の制御など、MHD安定性の側面に焦点を当ててきた。しかしながら、燃焼プラズマにおいては、アルファ粒子などの新たな因子が、その加熱への寄与と輸送障壁との関連性を通じて、ますます重要になるであろう。計測と能動制御の密接な関係、およびそれが要求事項に与える影響について議論する。

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Advanced tokamakBurning plasma
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