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Relevance of E × B drifts for particle and heat transport in divertors

C K Tsui, J A Boedo, O Février, H Reimerdes, C Colandrea, S Gorno, The TCV Team2022年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Radial electric fields up to ∼4 kV m−1 are observed in the boundary between the private flux region (PFR) and the scrape-off layer (SOL) driving E × B drifts between the inner and outer targets at speeds up to 2.8 km s−1 in the Tokamak à configuration variable divertor. The resulting E × B fluxes, located in a narrow region ( in normalized radius or R − Rsep <4 mm mapped to the outer midplane) are equivalent to around 20% of the total heat and particle flux to the divertor targets (inner + outer). At the peak Er, the E × B poloidal transport is equivalent to parallel flows with M∥ ∼ 3. In the snowflake divertor with a second X-point in the outer SOL, the drifts in the PFR-SOL boundary were equivalent to around 30% of the total heat and particle flux to the divertor targets and cover a region ∼50% wider than in the single null ( ∼ 0.018, R − Rsep ∼ 6 mm). The location of the PFR-SOL boundary drift shifts radially in the E∥ × B direction when reversing the toroidal field direction. Peaks in density and electron pressure have been identified near the primary X-point along with large gradients in density, temperature, and potential, the latter resulting in a local electric field ∼2.7 kV m−1 which drives a drift (1.9 km s−1) upwards towards the closed flux surfaces. Floating potential (Vf) magnitudes up to 75 V (∼2 kTe) were measured, indicating that Vf and parallel currents should not be neglected when estimating plasma potential.

日本語訳

要旨:トカマク・ア・コンフィギュラシオン・バリアブル(TCV)のダイバータにおいて、私的磁束領域(PFR)とスクレイプオフ層(SOL)の境界で、最大約4 kV m⁻¹の径方向電場が観測された。この電場は、内側および外側ターゲット間で最大約2.8 km s⁻¹の速度のE×Bドリフトを駆動する。結果として生じるE×Bフラックスは、外側中平面に写像した際の規格化半径で約0.018、すなわちR−R_sep < 4 mmの狭い領域に位置し、ダイバータターゲット(内側+外側)への全熱・粒子フラックスの約20%に相当する。ピークのE_rにおいて、E×Bポロイダル輸送は、M_∥ ≈ 3の平行流に相当する。外側X点を有するスノーフレーク・ダイバータ配位では、PFR-SOL境界におけるドリフトは、ダイバータターゲットへの全熱・粒子フラックスの約30%に相当し、その領域はシングルヌル配位(規格化半径で約0.018、すなわちR−R_sep < 6 mm)と比較して約50%広い。PFR-SOL境界におけるドリフトの位置は、トロイダル磁場方向を反転させると、E×B方向に径方向へシフトする。主X点近傍では、密度および電子圧力のピークが同定され、密度・温度・電位の大きな勾配を伴う。後者の電位勾配は、局所電場として約2.7 kV m⁻¹を生じ、閉磁気面に向かって上向きに約1.9 km s⁻¹のドリフトを駆動する。浮遊電位(V_f)の大きさは最大で約75 V(≈ 2 kT_e)が測定され、V_fおよび平行電流は、プラズマ電位を推定する際に無視すべきではないことを示している。

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