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The ballistic jump of the total heat flux after ECRH switching on in the T-10 tokamak

V F Andreev, Yu N Dnestrovskij, M V Ossipenko, K A Razumova, A V Sushkov2004年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Analysis of experiments with electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) requires a good knowledge of the ECRH power profile. This profile is reconstructed by analysis of the transient process after on-axis ECRH switching on in special experiments with suppressed sawtooth oscillations in the T-10 tokamak. The calculations show that the absorbed ECRH power, , determined by the change in time derivative of the electron temperature at the region of ECRH power input, and the absorbed ECRH power, , determined by the magnetic measurements, are several times different. Depending on the plasma density and plasma current, their relation, , changes from 0.2 to 0.4. Analysis of different explanations for this effect shows that adequate description of the transient process demands introduction of a ballistic jump in the total heat flux just after on-axis ECRH switching on. The effective heat diffusivity increases up to values of 10–15 m2 s−1 in the first 100–200 µs and decreases down to values of 1.5–2.0 m2 s−1 during the following 1–2 ms. Note that such a non-monotone dependence of the effective heat diffusivity cannot be described by the modern critical gradient models. It seems that plasma reacts directly to the deposited power but not to the corresponding consequences (the increase in temperature or gradients). Different physical mechanisms could be proposed for this process (partial destruction of magnetic surfaces, fast transition of information through the turbulent cell connections), but each of them needs further confirmation.

日本語訳

電子サイクロトロン共鳴加熱(ECRH)を用いた実験の解析には、ECRHパワー分布の正確な把握が必要である。この分布は、T-10トカマクにおいて鋸歯状振動を抑制した特別な実験で、ECRH投入軸上の過渡過程の解析により再構成される。計算によれば、ECRHパワー投入領域における電子温度の時間微分の変化から決定される吸収ECRHパワーは、磁気測定から決定される吸収ECRHパワーと数倍異なる。この差は、プラズマ密度とプラズマ電流に依存し、その比は0.2から0.4の範囲で変化する。この現象の様々な説明の解析は、ECRH投入軸上の直後の全熱流束におけるバリスティックな跳躍の導入が過渡過程の適切な記述に必要であることを示している。実効熱拡散率は、最初の100–200 µsの間に10–15 m²/sの値まで増加し、その後1–2 msの間に1.5–2.0 m²/sの値まで減少する。実効熱拡散率のこのような非単調な時間依存性は、現代の臨界勾配モデルでは記述できないことに注意すべきである。プラズマは、投入されたパワーに直接反応するが、その結果(温度または勾配の増加)には反応しないように見える。この過程には様々な物理的メカニズム(磁気面の部分的な破壊、乱流セル結合を通じた情報の高速伝播など)が提案され得るが、それぞれがさらなる検証を必要とする。

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Electron cyclotron heating
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