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Electric field and ionization-gradient effects on inertial-confinement-fusion implosions

P A Amendt, J L Milovich, S C Wilks, C K Li, R D Petrasso, F H Séguin2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The generation of strong, self-generated electric fields (108–109 V m−1) in direct-drive, inertial-confinement-fusion capsules has been reported (Li et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett.100 225001). Various models are considered herein to explain the observed electric field evolution, including the potential roles of electron pressure gradients near the fuel–pusher interface and plasma polarization effects that are predicted to occur across shock fronts (Zel'dovich and Raizer 2002 Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (Mineola, NY: Dover) p 522). In the latter case, strong fields in excess of 1010 V m−1 and localized to 10–100 nm may be consistent with the data obtained from proton radiography. Such field strengths are similar in magnitude to the criterion for runaway electron generation that could lead to plasma kinetic effects and potential shock-front broadening. The observed electric field generation may also be partly due to plasma ionization gradients localized near the fuel–pusher interface. A model is proposed that allows for differing electron- and ion-density gradient scale lengths in the presence of ionization gradients while preserving overall charge neutrality. Such a redistribution of electrons compared with standard, charge-neutral, single-fluid radiation-hydrodynamics modelling may affect the interpretation of imploded-core x-ray diagnostics as well as alter alpha particle deposition in the thermonuclear fuel.

日本語訳

直接駆動慣性閉じ込め核融合カプセルにおける強い自発電場(108–109 V m−1)の生成が報告されている(Li et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett.100 225001)。本論文では、観測された電場の時間発展を説明するために、燃料・押し込み材界面近傍の電子圧力勾配の潜在的役割や、衝撃波面を横切って生じると予測されるプラズマ分極効果を含む、さまざまなモデルを考察する。後者の場合、1010 V m−1を超え、10–100 nmに局在する強い電場が、陽子ラジオグラフィーから得られたデータと整合する可能性がある。そのような電場強度は、ランナウェイ電子生成の基準と同程度の大きさであり、プラズマ運動論効果や衝撃波面の広がりを引き起こす可能性がある。観測された電場の生成は、燃料・押し込み材界面近傍に局在するプラズマ電離勾配に一部起因する可能性もある。本論文では、電荷中性を保ちつつ、電離勾配の存在下で電子密度勾配とイオン密度勾配のスケール長が異なることを許容するモデルを提案する。このような電子の再分布は、標準的な電荷中性・単流体放射流体力学モデリングと比較して、爆縮コアのX線診断の解釈に影響を及ぼし得るとともに、熱核燃料におけるアルファ粒子の沈着を変化させ得る。

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