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Impact of ion dynamics on laser-driven electron acceleration and gamma-ray emission in structured targets at ultra-high laser intensities

Tao Wang, Zheng Gong, Katherine Chin, Alexey Arefiev2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

We examine the impact of the ion dynamics on laser-driven electron acceleration in an initially empty channel irradiated by an ultra-high intensity laser pulse with I > 1022 W cm−2. The negative charge of the accelerated electrons inside the channel generates a quasi-static transverse electric field that causes gradual ion expansion into the channel. Once the ions fill the channel, the pinching force from the quasi-static magnetic field generated by the accelerated electrons becomes uncompensated due to the reduction of the quasi-static transverse electric field. As a result there are two distinct populations of accelerated electrons: those that accelerate ahead of the expanding ion front while moving predominantly forward and those that accelerate in the presence of the ions in the channel while performing strong transverse oscillations. The ions diminish the role of the longitudinal laser electric field, making the transverse electric field the dominant contributor to the electron energy. The ion expansion also has a profound impact on the gamma-ray emission, causing it to become volumetrically distributed while reducing the total emitted energy. We formulate a criterion for the laser pulse duration that must be satisfied in order to minimize the undesired effect from the ions and to allow the electrons to remain highly collimated. We demonstrate the predictive capability of this criterion by applying it to assess the impact of a given pre-pulse on ion expansion. Our results provide a guideline for future experiments at multi-PW laser facilities with ultra-high intensities.

日本語訳

我々は、I > 10^22 W/cm^2 の超高強度レーザーパルスによって照射された、最初は空のチャネル内でのレーザー駆動電子加速に対するイオン動力学の影響を調べる。チャネル内の加速電子の負電荷は、準静的な横方向電場を生成し、それがチャネル内へのイオンの漸進的膨張を引き起こす。イオンがチャネルを満たすと、準静的な横方向電場の減少により、加速電子によって生成された準静的な磁場からのピンチ力が補償されなくなる。その結果、加速電子には2つの異なる集団が存在する:主に前方に移動しながら膨張するイオンフロントの前方で加速されるものと、強い横方向振動を行いながらチャネル内のイオンの存在下で加速されるものである。イオンは縦方向のレーザー電場の役割を減少させ、横方向の電場を電子エネルギーの主要な寄与因子にする。イオン膨張はまた、ガンマ線放出に大きな影響を与え、総放出エネルギーを減少させながら、それを体積的に分布させる。我々は、イオンからの望ましくない影響を最小化し、電子が高度にコリメートされた状態を維持できるようにするために満たされなければならないレーザーパルス持続時間の基準を定式化する。我々は、この基準を適用して、所定のプレパルスがイオン膨張に与える影響を評価することにより、この基準の予測能力を実証する。我々の結果は、超高強度のマルチPWレーザー施設での将来の実験のための指針を提供する。

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