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Influence of ionization on the formation of a plasma channel and transport of a relativistic electron beam in hydrocarbon gas

J M Tian, H B Cai, D Wu, W S Zhang, E H Zhang, B Du, S P Zhu2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The influence of ionization on the formation of a plasma channel and the propagation of a relativistic electron beam in a near-critical density hydrocarbon gas are investigated by using two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. A magnetic-dipole vortex is formed and self-sustained by its magnetic field pressure inside the plasma channel when the short pulse laser energy is almost depleted. After its formation, the magnetic dipole vortex moves forward with the relativistic electron beam in the plasma channel. In a fully ionized plasma, a high density plasma barrier is usually formed ahead of the plasma channel due to the steepening density profile. Therefore, deflection of the plasma channel can easily occur during the forward movement of the magnetic dipole vortex. In contrast, the deflection of the plasma channel is suppressed by the ionization effect with hydrocarbon gas. Two main mechanisms to suppress the deflection have been found—a decrease in the plasma density steepening at the front of the plasma channel in a partly-ionized plasma, and the consumption of the electromagnetic field energy due to the ionization itself.

日本語訳

イオン化がプラズマチャネルの形成と相対論的電子ビームの伝搬に及ぼす影響を、近臨界密度の炭化水素ガス中において、2次元粒子インセル(PIC)シミュレーションを用いて調査した。短パルスレーザーエネルギーがほぼ消費されると、磁気双極子渦がプラズマチャネル内部に形成され、その磁場圧力によって自己維持される。形成後、磁気双極子渦はプラズマチャネル内を相対論的電子ビームとともに前方へ移動する。完全電離プラズマ中では、密度プロファイルの急峻化により、プラズマチャネルの前方に高密度プラズマ障壁が通常形成される。そのため、磁気双極子渦の前方移動中にプラズマチャネルの偏向が容易に生じ得る。対照的に、炭化水素ガスによるイオン化効果によってプラズマチャネルの偏向は抑制される。この偏向を抑制する2つの主要なメカニズムが明らかになった。すなわち、部分電離プラズマにおけるプラズマチャネル前端での密度プロファイル急峻化の低減と、イオン化自体による電磁場エネルギーの消費である。

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Electron beamsRelativistic electronRelativistic electron beam
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