The local electron energy flux produced by magnetic fluctuations has been measured directly in the edge plasma of the Madison symmetric torus (MST) reversed field pinch (RFP), continuous current tokamak (CCT), and the scrape-off layer of the TEXT-U tokamak. The flux produced by electrons travelling parallel to a fluctuating magnetic field is obtained from correlation between the fluctuations in the parallel heat flux and the radial magnetic field. The fluctuations in the parallel heat flux were measured with a fast insertable pyrobolometer. The measurements reveal fundamental differences in the nature of electron energy transport in the RFP and the tokamak. In the RFP the fluctuation-induced energy flux is large (, comparable to the total ohmic heating power) inside the reversal surface where the magnetic field is expected to be stochastic, and small in the edge. The magnetic fluctuation induced radial energy flux Q and radial particle flux (measured independently) are related by a `convective' formula . The electron heat transport is significantly lower than the value predicted by the Rechester - Rosenbluth transport model. This feature of the electron energy transport can be explained using self-consistent calculations that account for clumping of electrons streaming along the magnetic field. In the tokamak the magnetic fluctuations do not contribute to the total energy transport except in the vicinity of the q = 2 magnetic surface, where the transport is associated with large amplitude Mirnov oscillations.
Fluctuations and anomalous transport (in tokamaks, particularly TEXT)