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Conceptual design of the blanket and superheater in compact fusion advanced rankine cycle

Hiroshi Sekimoto, Kazuyuki Watanabe, Eiichi Suetomi, Kiyoshi Yoshikawa, C. Maninger1989年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

In reactor concepts using the Compact Fusion Advanced Rankine Cycle (CFAR), the mercury works as a coolant and starts to boil in the vicinity of the inlet of the tritium breeding zone, and fully vaporizes at the exit. The vaporized mercury is then superheated in the neutron superheating zone, after which it is subjected to further microwave superheating. Finally it generates electricity directly by a MHD generator. In the preliminary design, the Flibe and beryllium are charged in the tritium breeding zone. Though this design gave marginal results with excellent neutron multiplication ability of the beryllium, the cycle efficiency is still not satisfactory and other blanket concepts need to be studied. In the present design, the lithium-lead eutectic is proposed. Since the Q-value for neutron multiplication reaction of the lead is much more negative than the beryllium, less heat is produced in the tritium breeding zone. This means less mercury is required to cool this zone, and the final temperature of the mercury and the MHD efficiency could be increased. We performed parametric design studies for this concept to increase the plant efficiency under the condition that the tritium breeding ratio satisfies the planned value by utilizing the ANISN neutron transport code.

日本語訳

コンパクト核融合先進ランキンサイクル(CFAR)を用いた炉概念において、水銀は冷却材として機能し、トリチウム増殖領域の入口付近で沸騰し始め、出口で完全に蒸発する。蒸発した水銀は、その後、中性子過熱領域で過熱され、さらにマイクロ波過熱を受ける。最終的に、MHD発電機によって直接発電が行われる。予備設計では、トリチウム増殖領域にフリーベ(Flibe)とベリリウムが充填された。この設計は、ベリリウムの優れた中性子増倍能により限定的な結果をもたらしたものの、サイクル効率は依然として満足のいくものではなく、他のブランケット概念の検討が必要とされた。本設計では、リチウム-鉛共晶合金が提案されている。鉛の中性子増倍反応のQ値はベリリウムよりもはるかに低いため、トリチウム増殖領域で発生する熱は少なくなる。これは、この領域の冷却に必要な水銀が少なくて済むことを意味し、水銀の最終温度とMHD効率を向上させることができる。我々は、ANISN中性子輸送コードを利用して、トリチウム増殖比が計画値を満たす条件下で発電効率を向上させるための設計パラメータ研究を実施した。

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