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The formation and evolution of extreme shear reversal in JET and its influence on local thermal transport

N C Hawkes, Y Andrew, C D Challis, R DeAngelis, V Drozdov, J Hobirk, E Joffrin, P Lotte, D Mazon, E Rachlew2002年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In JET discharges where lower hybrid heating and current drive (LHCD)is applied early during the current ramp, a region of the plasma withzero current density is formed near the axis. At the boundary of thisregion the current density is large and Bθ increases rapidlyover a small distance. In the central region the safety factor, q, iseffectively infinite, but this falls steeply in the boundaryregion. Outside the boundary region q reaches a minimum, where themagnetic shear s≡r/q (dq/dr) becomes zero.The formation of this region of zero current is dependent on both theheating and the current drive effects of the LHCD. When LHCD isswitched off the current profile begins to relax towards the resistivepeaked current distribution of fully inductive tokamak operation. IfLHCD is not used in the current rise then these current profiles arenot established. Although the physical mechanism exists to drive the central plasmacurrent below zero, in most cases it appears to be prevented fromgoing negative. At least one MHD mechanism has been identified whichcould be responsible for this. The presence of the zero central current is closely linked to theperiodic relaxation events seen in these discharges. In these discharges, internal transport barriers have been observed with additional heating powerssubstantially below the values requiredto obtain barriers in monotonic q profile cases.

日本語訳

JET放電において、電流立ち上げ初期に低ハイブリッド電流駆動(LHCD)を適用すると、プラズマの軸付近に電流密度がゼロの領域が形成される。この領域の境界付近では電流密度が大きく、Bθは短い距離で急激に増加する。中心領域では安全係数qは事実上無限大であるが、境界領域では急峻に低下する。境界領域の外側ではqは最小値に達し、磁気シアs≡r/q(dq/dr)はゼロとなる。このゼロ電流領域の形成は、LHCDの加熱効果と電流駆動効果の両方に依存する。LHCDを停止すると、電流分布は完全誘導運転のトカマクにおける抵抗性のピーク状電流分布へと緩和し始める。電流立ち上げ中にLHCDを使用しない場合、これらの電流分布は形成されない。中心プラズマ電流をゼロ以下に駆動する物理的メカニズムは存在するが、ほとんどの場合、何らかのMHDメカニズムがこれを妨げているように見える。少なくとも一つのMHDメカニズムがこの原因であると特定されている。ゼロ中心電流の存在は、これらの放電で観測される周期的緩和現象と密接に関連している。これらの放電では、単調なq分布の場合に内部輸送障壁を得るために必要な加熱パワーを大幅に下回る追加加熱パワーで内部輸送障壁が観測されている。

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