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Surface damage in tungsten induced by high heat flux helium irradiation at high temperatures across melting point

Hanqing Wang, Yue Yuan, Baoqin Fu, H. Greuner, B. Böswirth, Mengchong Ren, Yufei Nie, Peng Zhang, Xingzhong Cao, Guang-Hong Lu2025年2月Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Understanding the behavior of tungsten (W) surface damage under the synergistic effects of high heat flux (HHF) loading and helium (He) irradiation is essential for predicting material performance during off-normal operations in ITER. In this study, surface modifications occurring at high temperatures (>2200 K) up to the melting point were investigated by conducting experiments involving two campaigns of vertical displacement events like HHF He neutral beam pulse irradiation on polycrystalline W samples at the test facility Garching LArge DIvertor Sample. As the surface temperature of W increased due to irradiation (2253–3683 K), pinholes appeared on the surface, showing a trend of increasing size and decreasing number density, indicating severe lattice damage. Accordingly, we proposed a model for pinhole growth under high-temperature He irradiation based on thermal activation diffusion of He. The calculated activation energy for He diffusion in this process was found to be 0.51 eV, which is considerably higher than the results obtained from previous simulations (0.021–0.157 eV) (Zhou et al 2010 Nucl. Fusion50 115010; Becquart and Domain 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett.97 1–4; Shu et al 2013 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 303 84–6; Fu et al 2021 J. Nucl. Mater.543 152599). This suggests that extensive defects in the matrix have a significant impact on the diffusion of He in high-temperature environments, which is distinct from diffusion behavior at lower temperatures. However, as the surface temperature further increased beyond the melting point, the melting and re-solidification process nearly completely repaired almost all defects induced by He ion irradiation. The re-solidified grains were characterized by being intact, damage-free, and having lower residual stress. This study establishes a foundation for the quantitative analysis of helium migration mechanisms under high-temperature helium irradiation, which lays the foundation for understanding material structural damage behavior under off-normal operations for ITER.

日本語訳

本研究では、多結晶W試料に対して、試験施設Garching LArge DIvertor Sampleにおいて、垂直変位事象に類似したHHF He中性ビームパルス照射からなる2つのキャンペーンの実験を実施することにより、融点までの高温(>2200 K)で発生する表面改質を調査した。照射によるWの表面温度の上昇(2253–3683 K)に伴い、表面にピンホールが現れ、サイズが増大し数密度が減少する傾向を示し、深刻な格子損傷を示した。そこで我々は、Heの熱活性化拡散に基づく高温He照射下でのピンホール成長モデルを提案した。このプロセスにおけるHe拡散の計算された活性化エネルギーは0.51 eVであることが判明し、これは以前のシミュレーションから得られた結果(0.021–0.157 eV)よりもかなり高い(Zhou et al 2010 Nucl. Fusion50 115010; Becquart and Domain 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett.97 1–4; Shu et al 2013 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 303 84–6; Fu et al 2021 J. Nucl. Mater.543 152599)。これは、マトリックス中の広範囲な欠陥が高温環境下でのHeの拡散に顕著な影響を与えることを示唆しており、これは低温での拡散挙動とは異なる。しかしながら、表面温度が融点を超えてさらに上昇すると、溶融・再凝固プロセスによって、Heイオン照射によって誘起されたほとんどすべての欠陥がほぼ完全に修復された。再凝固した結晶粒は、無傷で、損傷がなく、より低い残留応力を有するという特徴を示した。本研究は、高温ヘリウム照射下でのヘリウム移動機構の定量的解析の基礎を確立するものであり、ITERのオフノーマル運転時における材料の構造損傷挙動の理解の基礎となる。

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iter低精度(概要文一致)

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TungstenHelium

AIによる論文要約

タングステン表面の高熱流束ヘリウム照射による高温での損傷
JAこの論文は、核融合炉の材料設計や運転シナリオを検討する研究者や技術者に有用です。特に、異常時の材料挙動を理解し、炉の安全性を評価する上で重要な知見を提供しています。#核融合炉#タングステン#高熱流束#ヘリウム照射#表面損傷
LLM向け: {'Title': 'タングステン表面の高熱流束ヘリウム照射による高温での損傷', 'Author(s)': '不明', 'Research Objective…

この研究では、ITER運転時の異常事態を想定し、高温(融点以上)でのタングステン表面の損傷メカニズムを明らかにしています。高熱流束ヘリウム中性子照射によりタングステン表面にピンホールが形成され、温度上昇とともにサイズが増加し密度が減少することを示しました。ヘリウム拡散のモデル化から、高温環境での欠陥の影響が大きいことが分かりました。一方、融点を超えると、溶融・再凝固により表面の欠陥がほぼ完全に修復されることも明らかにしています。

Surface damage in tungsten induced by high heat flux helium irradiation at high temperatures across melting point
ENThis paper should be read by fusion researchers and materials scientists interested in understanding the behavior of tungsten under extreme conditions, such as high heat flux and helium irradiation, which are relevant for ITER and other fusion devices.#TungstenDamage #HighTemperatureIrradiation #FusionMaterials
LLM向け: {'Title': 'Surface damage in tungsten induced by high heat flux helium irradiati…

This paper investigates the surface damage in tungsten (W) caused by high heat flux and helium (He) irradiation at temperatures above the melting point. It shows that as temperature increases, pinholes appear on the W surface, indicating severe lattice damage. The study proposes a model for pinhole growth and calculates the activation energy for He diffusion, which is higher than previous simulations, suggesting that defects in the matrix significantly impact He diffusion at high temperatures. However, melting and re-solidification can repair most of the defects induced by He irradiation.

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