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Laboratory model of magnetosphere created by strong plasma perturbation with frozen-in magnetic field

I F Shaikhislamov, Yu P Zakharov, V G Posukh, A V Melekhov, V M Antonov, E L Boyarintsev, A G Ponomarenko2014年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Transient interactions of a magnetic dipole with plasma flow carrying a southward magnetic field has been studied in laboratory experiments. Flow with a transverse frozen-in field was generated by means of laser-produced plasma cross-field expansion into background plasma, which filled a vacuum chamber, along with the external application of a magnetic field prior to interaction. Probe measurements showed that at the plasma parameters realized, effective collisionless Larmor coupling takes place resulting in the formation of strong compressive perturbations, which propagate in the background with super-Alfvenic velocity and generate a frame-transverse electric field comparable in value to the expected induction one in the laboratory. Compression pulses with a southward field interact with a dipole and create a well-defined magnetosphere after a short propagation. Comparison of the magnetospheres created by laser-produced plasma expanding in a vacuum field and in a magnetized background revealed fundamental differences in the structure and behaviour of the electric potential in plasma. In the presence of a frozen-in southward field direct «sub-solar» penetration of outside electric potential deep inside of the magnetosphere was observed to take place, with a velocity close to the upstream Alfven speed.

日本語訳

磁気双極子と南向き磁場を伴うプラズマ流との過渡的相互作用を実験室で研究した。横断方向に凍結された磁場を有する流れは、レーザー生成プラズマの背景プラズマ中への交差磁場膨張と、相互作用に先立つ外部磁場の印加とによって生成された。プローブ測定により、実現されたプラズマパラメータにおいて、効果的な無衝突ラーマー結合が生じ、その結果、強い圧縮性擾乱が形成され、これが背景中を超アルフヴェン速度で伝播し、フレーム横断方向に、期待される誘導電場と同等の値を持つ電場を生成することが示された。南向き磁場を伴う圧縮パルスは双極子と相互作用し、短い伝播の後に明確に定義された磁気圏を形成した。真空中の磁場中で膨張するレーザー生成プラズマによって形成された磁気圏と、磁化された背景中で膨張するレーザー生成プラズマによって形成された磁気圏との比較により、プラズマ中の電位構造の挙動と特性に根本的な差異が明らかになった。凍結された南向き磁場の存在下では、上流のアルフヴェン速度に近い速度で、外部の電位が磁気圏内部の深部へ直接「準太陽側」浸透することが観測された。

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