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Laboratory simulation of field aligned currents in an experiment on laser-produced plasma interacting with a magnetic dipole

I F Shaikhislamov, V M Antonov, Yu P Zakharov, E L Boyarintsev, A V Melekhov, V G Posukh, A G Ponomarenko2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In an experiment on a magnetic dipole interacting with a laser-produced plasma the generation of an intense field aligned current (FAC) system was observed for the first time in a laboratory. The detailed measurements of the total value and local current density, of the magnetic field at the poles and in the equatorial magnetopause, and particular features of electron motion in the current channels revealed its similarity to the Region-1 current system in the Earth magnetosphere. Such currents were found to exist only if they can close via conductive cover of the dipole. Comparison of conductive and dielectric cases revealed specific magnetic features produced by FAC and their connection with electric potential generated in the equatorial part of the magnetopause. To interpret the data we consider a model of electric potential generation in the boundary layer which agrees with experiment and with measurements of the Earth's transpolar potential in the absence of an interplanetary magnetic field as well. The results could be of importance for the investigation of Mercury as a magnetic disturbance due to FAC could be especially large because of the small size of the Hermean magnetosphere.

日本語訳

レーザー生成プラズマと相互作用する磁気双極子を用いた実験において、強い磁力線平行電流(FAC)系の生成が実験室で初めて観測された。全電流値と局所電流密度の詳細な測定、極域における磁場の測定、赤道磁気圏境界面における磁場の測定、および電流チャネル内の電子運動の特徴的な挙動により、この電流系が地球磁気圏における領域1電流系と類似していることが明らかになった。このような電流は、双極子の導電性被覆を介して電流が閉じることができる場合にのみ存在することが見出された。導電性被覆と非導電性被覆の比較実験により、FACによって生成される特有の磁場シグネチャと、赤道磁気圏境界面において生成される電位との関連が明らかになった。実験結果を解釈するため、境界層における電位生成のモデルを構築した。このモデルは、実験結果と、惑星間磁場が存在しない場合の地球の極間電位の測定値の両方と一致する。これらの結果は、水星の磁気圏が小さいためFACによる磁気擾乱が特に大きくなる可能性があることから、水星の調査にとって重要となり得る。

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