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Experimental study of a mini-magnetosphere

I F Shaikhislamov, Yu P Zakharov, V G Posukh, A V Melekhov, V M Antonov, E L Boyarintsev, A G Ponomarenko2014年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Magnetospheres at ion kinetic scales, or mini-magnetospheres, possess unusual features as predicted by numerical simulations. However, there are practically no data on the subject from space observations and the data which are available are far too incomplete. In this paper we describe the results of a laboratory experiment on the interaction of plasma flow with a magnetic dipole with parameters such that the ion inertial length is larger than the size of an observed magnetosphere. A detailed structure of the non-coplanar or out-of-plane component of the magnetic field has been obtained in the meridian plane. The independence of this component on dipole moment reversal, as was reported in a previous work, has been verified. In the tail distinct lobes and a central current sheet have been observed. It was found that lobe regions adjacent to boundary layer are dominated by a non-coplanar component of magnetic field. Tail-ward oriented electric current in the plasma associated with that component appears to be equal to the ion current in the upstream part of magnetosphere and in the tail current sheet implying that electrons are stationary in those regions while the ions flow by. The data obtained strongly support the proposed model of mini-magnetosphere based on two-fluid effects as described by the Hall term.

日本語訳

イオン運動論的スケールにおける磁気圏、すなわちミニ磁気圏は、数値シミュレーションによって予測されるように、特異な特徴を有している。しかしながら、宇宙観測によるデータは実質的に存在せず、利用可能なデータもはるかに不十分である。本論文では、イオン慣性長が観測される磁気圏のサイズよりも大きくなるようなパラメータを用いて、プラズマ流と磁気双極子の相互作用に関する室内実験の結果について述べる。子午面内における磁場の非共面成分(面外成分)の詳細な構造が得られた。この成分が双極子磁気モーメントの反転に対して不変であることは、先行研究で報告されたとおりに検証された。尾部においては、明確なローブと中央電流シートが観測された。境界層に隣接するローブ領域は、磁場の非共面成分によって支配されていることが見出された。この成分に伴うプラズマ中の尾部方向電流は、上流部および磁気圏尾部電流シートにおけるイオン電流と等しいように見え、これはそれらの領域ではイオンが流れる一方で電子は静止していることを示唆している。得られたデータは、ホール項によって記述される二流体効果に基づくミニ磁気圏モデルを強く支持するものである。

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