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West–east asymmetry of a mini-magnetosphere induced by Hall effects

I F Shaikhislamov, V G Posukh, A V Melekhov, Yu P Zakharov, E L Boyarintsev, A G Ponomarenko2015年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A magnetosphere comparable in size to ion inertial length, known as a mini-magnetosphere, possesses unusual features which have been predicted by numerical simulations and shown in recent experiments. In the present paper we study a pronounced difference between the west and east flanks of a mini-magnetosphere observed for the first time in pioneering terrella experiments of 60 s duration. It manifests itself in plasma penetration deep inside the west flank and the formation of a return current that effects the magnetic structure, in contrast to the east flank which has a well-defined boundary layer and plasma cavity. We propose that the plasma penetration and the return current can be understood in the framework of a test-particle model. This model serves to illustrate in simple terms the Hall physics which was found to be behind similar features at the frontal part and the tail of the mini-magnetosphere observed in our previous experiments. Because of the large gyroradius, ions tend to be deflected by the dipole field at the east flank and drawn into the west flank. To verify that the return electric current in the magnetospheric plasma is carried by ions, we measured it directly using a Rogovski coil and compared it with the ion flux measured by Langmuir probe.

日本語訳

イオン慣性長に匹敵する規模の磁気圏、すなわちミニ磁気圏は、数値シミュレーションによって予測され、最近の実験で示された特異な特徴を有している。本論文では、先駆的なテラ実験において60秒間の観測で初めて確認されたミニ磁気圏の西側フランクと東側フランクの間の顕著な差異について研究する。この差異は、西側フランクにおけるプラズマの深部への浸透と、磁気構造に影響を及ぼす帰還電流の形成として現れる一方、東側フランクでは明確な境界層とプラズマ空洞が観測される。我々は、プラズマの浸透と帰還電流がテスト粒子モデルの枠組みで理解できることを提案する。このモデルは、我々の以前の実験でミニ磁気圏の前面部と尾部において同様の特徴の背後にあることが判明したホール物理を簡潔に説明するものである。大きなジャイロ半径のため、イオンは東側フランクで双極子磁場によって偏向され、西側フランクへ引き込まれる傾向がある。磁気圏プラズマ中の帰還電流がイオンによって担われていることを検証するため、我々はロゴスキーコイルを用いて直接測定し、ラングミュアプローブによるイオン束の測定結果と比較した。

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