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Effect of D on the evolution of radiation damage in W during high temperature annealing

M. Pečovnik, S. Markelj, M. Kelemen, T. Schwarz-Selinger2020年被引用 13Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The effect of deuterium (D) on the annealing of radiation damage was studied. Tungsten (W) samples were sequentially irradiated with 20 MeV W ions at room temperature and loaded with a low-temperature D plasma at 370 K to decorate the created defects. After this, half of each sample was W irradiated at room temperature again to create additional radiation damage. To study the evolution of the created defects with D being present, samples were annealed by heating them to a desired temperature and held for 2 h. The surviving displacement damage was decorated by re-exposing the samples to the same D plasma as before. At various steps of the experiment the D depth profiles were measured using nuclear reaction analysis and after the last re-exposure a thermal desorption spectroscopy analysis was done to determine the D desorption spectra.D release is dominated by two desorption peaks centred at 520 K and 780 K for a 3 K min−1 temperature ramp. For temperature holds below 500 K no measurable change in the intensity of the desorption peaks was measured. For temperature holds above 500 K, the low temperature D desorption peak started to reduce in intensity. The high temperature D desorption peak showed signs of evolution only for temperature holds above 600 K. This behaviour was independent of the number of W irradiations used.A macroscopic rate equation model was used to recreate the experimental results. Using the fill-level dependant D-defect interaction picture we were able to determine that three distinct defect types with several fill-levels each are sufficient to describe the results. The concentrations of defect 1 (vacancies) and defect 2 (small vacancy clusters) reduced by 50% and 35%, respectively, after an 800 K temperature hold. No reduction was found for defect 3 (large vacancy clusters).

日本語訳

タングステン(W)中の放射線損傷のアニーリングに対する重水素(D)の影響を研究した。タングステン試料を室温で20 MeVのWイオンを用いて順次照射し、その後、生成した欠陥を装飾するために低温のDプラズマ(370 K)に曝露した。この後、各試料の半分を室温で再度W照射して追加の放射線損傷を生成した。Dが存在する状態での欠陥の進化を研究するため、試料を所望の温度まで加熱してアニーリングし、2時間保持した。生存した照射損傷は、同じDプラズマに再曝露して装飾した。実験の各段階で、核反応分析を用いてDの深さ分布を測定し、最後の再曝露後には熱脱離分光分析を行ってDの脱離スペクトルを決定した。Dの放出は、3 K min⁻¹の温度昇温速度において520 Kと780 Kを中心とする2つの脱離ピークによって支配される。500 K未満の温度保持では、脱離ピークの強度に測定可能な変化は見られなかった。500 Kを超える温度保持では、低温側のD脱離ピークの強度が減少し始めた。高温側のD脱離ピークは、600 Kを超える温度保持でのみ進化の兆候を示した。この挙動は、使用したW照射回数に依存しなかった。巨視的な速度方程式モデルを用いて実験結果を再現した。充填レベルに依存するD-欠陥相互作用の描像を用いることで、それぞれが複数の充填レベルを持つ3つの異なる欠陥種が結果を記述するのに十分であることが分かった。800 Kの温度保持後、欠陥1(空孔)の濃度は50%減少し、欠陥2(小さな空孔クラスター)の濃度は35%減少した。欠陥3(大きな空孔クラスター)については減少は見られなかった。

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