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Evolution of pellet clouds and cloud structures in magnetically confined plasmas

L.L. Lengyel, G.G. Zavala, O.J.W.F. Kardaun, P. Lalousis1991年被引用 16Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The subject of this study is the space and time evolution of initially low temperature high density particle clouds in magnetically confined hot plasmas, such as those produced by ablating cryogenic hydrogen pellets in fusion machines. Particular attention is given to such physical processes as heating of the cloud by the energy fluxes carried by incident plasma particles (classical flux limited energy transport by thermal electrons along the magnetic field lines and anomalous heat conduction across them), gas dynamic expansion with × produced deceleration in the transverse direction, finite rate ionization and recombination (collisional and radiative) processes, and magnetic field convection and diffusion. The results show the existence of a distinct structure in the ablatant cloud surrounding and ablating pellet: a hollow temperature profile coupled to a peaked density profile in the plane normal to the magnetic field direction. The separation distance between the high and low temperature and density layers is typically the ionization or confinement radius. Also the flutes developing preferentially at the cloud surface have, at a certain phase of their development, the same wavelength. The temperature and density variations from the cloud interior to the cloud periphery may exceed two orders of magnitude. The lifetime of this structure is measured on hydrodynamic time-scales.

日本語訳

本研究の対象は、磁場閉じ込め高温プラズマ中における、初期に低温・高密度である粒子雲の空間的・時間的進化であり、例えば核融合装置における低温水素ペレットのアブレーションによって生成されるような粒子雲である。特に、入射プラズマ粒子によるエネルギー流束(磁力線に沿った熱電子による古典的な束縛輸送、および磁力線を横切る異常熱伝導)による雲の加熱、それに伴う流体力学的不安定性を伴う膨張(ガス力学膨張)、有限速度の電離・再結合(衝突・放射過程)、および磁場の対流・拡散といった物理過程に注目する。結果として、アブレーション中のペレットを囲む雲内部には明確な構造が存在することが示される。すなわち、磁場に垂直な面内では、温度の谷と密度の峰が共存する構造が見られる。高温層と低温層、および高密度層と低密度層の間の分離距離は、典型的には電離半径または閉じ込め半径に相当する。また、雲の表面で優先的に発達するフルート不安定性の波長は、その発達のある段階において、この分離距離と同程度になる。雲の内部から周辺部にかけて、温度と密度は2桁以上にわたって変動し得る。この構造の寿命は、流体力学的时间スケールで特徴づけられる。

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