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Enhancement of nuclear reactions via the kinetic Weibel instability in plasmas

Z Y Liu, K Li, Y L Yao, Z Lei, C T Zhou, S P Zhu, X T He, B Qiao2021年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Nuclear reactions in the plasma environment can be substantially different from those in conventional laboratory non-plasma cases, which have attracted considerable attention in the fields of fusion and astrophysics. To self-consistently model the nuclear reaction process during plasma dynamic evolution, an extended nuclear reaction calculation module is developed and included in two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Through the self-consistent simulations, we systematically show that, apart from the plasma screening, the kinetic Weibel instability (WI) occurring in plasmas also results in significant enhancement of nuclear reactions, where the self-generated magnetic fields play a key role. Specifically, the self-generated magnetic fields in WI deflect ion motions, decreasing the relative velocity, and convert plasma kinetic energy to thermal energy, increasing the ion temperature. The simulation results show that, for the reaction with a sharp resonance peak in the cross section, the reaction product yield is enhanced four times due to the WI. For nuclear reactions that have more prominent resonance peaks in the cross section, like , it is expected that such enhancements can reach up to one or several orders of magnitude.

日本語訳

プラズマ環境における核反応は、従来の実験室での非プラズマの場合とは実質的に異なる可能性があり、このことは核融合および天体物理学の分野で大きな注目を集めている。プラズマの動的進化中の核反応過程を自己無撞着にモデル化するために、拡張された核反応計算モジュールを開発し、2次元粒子インセルシミュレーションに組み込んだ。自己無撞着シミュレーションを通じて、プラズマ遮蔽に加えて、プラズマ中で発生する運動論的ワイベル不安定性(WI)も核反応の有意な増強をもたらすことを系統的に示した。ここで、自己生成磁場が重要な役割を果たす。具体的には、WIにおける自己生成磁場がイオンの運動を偏向させ、相対速度を減少させるとともに、プラズマの運動エネルギーを熱エネルギーに変換し、イオン温度を上昇させる。シミュレーション結果は、断面積に鋭い共鳴ピークを持つ反応の場合、WIにより反応生成物の収量が4倍に増強されることを示している。断面積により顕著な共鳴ピークを持つ核反応、例えば、の場合、このような増強は1桁から数桁に達すると予想される。

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Weibel instability
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