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A cost minimized tokamak reactor using conservative coils/cooling technology

K. Tokimatsu, K. Okano, T. Yoshida, K. Yamaji, M. Katsurai1998年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractOne attractive concept for future commercial reactors is one of low cost with minimum advanced technology. Cost-minimized reactors with different operating modes are compared to reveal the most cost-minimized reactor with impact of deign parameters on the cost of electricity (COE). Three kinds of operating modes are considered; i.e. first stability region (FS), second stability region (SS) and reversed shear (RS). Deuterium–tritium fueled, 1000 MW(e) reactors with conventional aspect ratio are assumed. Several criteria for the parameter survey are used; for example, (1) thermal-to-electricity conversion efficiency is assumed to be 34.5% with water as a coolant, (2) average neutron wall load must not exceed 5 MW m−2 with a plasma major radius >5 m, (3) 2 MeV neutral beam injector is applied. It is concluded that the RS operating mode is the most cost-minimized. The results indicated that attaining high βN (the Troyon beta coefficient), low q95 (safety-factor on the 95% flux surface), and high fbs (fraction of bootstrap current) is the best way to obtain a cost-minimized reactor. This cost-minimized RS reactor is advantageous because it can be designed without using advanced coil technology nor an advanced cooling system.

日本語訳

将来の商業用炉として魅力的な概念の一つは、高度な技術を最小限に抑えた低コスト炉である。コスト最小化を図った異なる運転モードの炉を比較し、設計パラメータが発電コスト(COE)に与える影響を明らかにすることで、最もコスト効率の高い炉を特定する。検討対象の運転モードは、第一安定領域(FS)、第二安定領域(SS)、リバースシア(RS)の3種類である。炉は重水素・トリチウム燃料を用い、電気出力1000 MW、従来型アスペクト比を想定する。パラメータ調査では、(1) 熱効率は水冷式で34.5%、(2) 平均中性子壁負荷は5 MW/m²以下、主半径は5 m超、(3) 中性粒子入射加熱は2 MeVを条件とする。解析の結果、RS運転モードが最もコスト効率に優れることが示された。高い規格化ベータ値(トロイロン係数βN)、低い安全係数(q95)、高い自発電流割合(fbs)を達成することが、コスト最小化に有効である。このRS炉は、先進的なコイル技術や高度な冷却システムを必要とせずに設計可能であり、その点で優位性を持つ。

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