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Total fluid pressure imbalance in the scrape-off layer of tokamak plasmas

R.M. Churchill, J.M. Canik, C.S. Chang, R. Hager, A.W. Leonard, R. Maingi, R. Nazikian, D.P. Stotler2017年被引用 3Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Simulations using the fully kinetic neoclassical code XGCa (X-point included guiding- center axisymmetric) were undertaken to explore the impact of kinetic effects on scrape-off layer (SOL) physics in DIII-D H-mode plasmas. XGCa is a total-f, gyrokinetic code which self-consistently calculates the axisymmetric electrostatic potential and plasma dynamics, and includes modules for Monte Carlo neutral transport.Previously presented XGCa results showed several noteworthy features, including large variations of ion density and pressure along field lines in the SOL, experimentally relevant levels of SOL parallel ion flow (Mach number  ∼ 0.5), skewed ion distributions near the sheath entrance leading to subsonic flow there, and elevated sheath potentials (Churchill 2016 Nucl. Mater. Energy 1–6).In this paper, we explore in detail the question of pressure balance in the SOL, as it was observed in the simulation that there was a large deviation from a simple total pressure balance (the sum of ion and electron static pressure plus ion inertia). It will be shown that both the contributions from the ion viscosity (driven by ion temperature anisotropy) and neutral source terms can be substantial, and should be retained in the parallel momentum equation in the SOL, but still falls short of accounting for the observed fluid pressure imbalance in the XGCa simulation results.

日本語訳

完全運動論的ネオクラシックコードXGCa(X点を含むガイド中心軸対称)を用いたシミュレーションを実施し、DIII-D Hモードプラズマにおけるスクレイプオフ層(SOL)物理に対する運動論的効果の影響を調査した。XGCaはtotal-fジャイロ運動論コードであり、軸対称静電ポテンシャルとプラズマ力学を自己無撞着に計算し、モンテカルロ中性粒子輸送のモジュールを含む。以前に発表されたXGCaの結果は、SOL内の磁力線に沿ったイオン密度と圧力の大きな変動、実験的に妥当なレベルのSOL平行イオン流(マッハ数  ∼ 0.5)、シース入口付近での歪んだイオン分布によるそこでの亜音速流、および高いシース電位など、いくつかの注目すべき特徴を示した(Churchill 2016 Nucl. Mater. Energy 1–6)。本論文では、SOLにおける圧力バランスの問題を詳細に調査する。これは、シミュレーションにおいて単純な全圧力バランス(イオンと電子の静圧とイオン慣性の和)からの大きな偏差が観察されたためである。イオン粘性(イオン温度異方性によって駆動される)と中性粒子源項の両方からの寄与が substantial であり得ることが示され、SOL内の平行運動量方程式に保持されるべきであるが、それでもXGCaシミュレーション結果において観察された流体圧力不均衡を説明するには至らないことが示されるであろう。

装置

diii-d中精度(概要文一致)

wiki

Scrape-off layer
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