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Strongly magnetized plasma produced by interaction of nanosecond kJ-class laser with snail targets

T Pisarczyk, O Renner, R Dudzak, T Chodukowski, Z Rusiniak, J Dostal, M Krupka, D Klir, J Domański, J Krasa2023年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Magnetized plasma studies are necessary for many applied studies, including laser-driven inertial fusion, modeling astrophysically relevant phenomena, and innovative industrial and medical applications. An interesting method of generating highly magnetized plasma can be based on the interaction of a laser with spiral-shaped cavity (snail-like) targets. A target shaped in this way can represent the central area of a spherical pellet that is not irradiated radially, but rather through an entrance hole allowing the laser beam to almost impact its inner surface tangentially (Pisarczyk et al 2018 Sci. Rep.8 17 895). In the reported experiment, snail targets of various diameters were irradiated by linearly or circularly polarized radiation of a Prague asterix laser system (PALS) iodine laser delivering ∼500 J, 350 ps and 1.315 μm pulses on targets. Three-frame complex interferometry demonstrated that plasma is generated on the entire inside and outside surfaces of the snail target, starting from the very beginning of the laser–target interaction. The time-resolved records of the magnetic field and the electron density distribution inside and outside the snail target characterize the changes in the structure of the magnetized plasma. Inside the target, the magnetic field survives long after the termination of the laser–matter interaction, namely longer than 10 ns. Compared to a circularly polarized laser pulse, the irradiation of targets with a p-polarized beam increases both the emission of hot electrons (HEs) and the intensity of the magnetic field. The emission of HEs is not isotropic, and their energy distribution cannot be characterized by a single temperature.

日本語訳

磁化プラズマの研究は、レーザー駆動慣性核融合、天体物理学に関連する現象のモデリング、および革新的な産業・医療応用など、多くの応用研究に必要である。高磁化プラズマを生成する興味深い方法の一つは、スパイラル状空洞(カタツムリ状)ターゲットへのレーザー照射に基づくものである。このような形状のターゲットは、球状ペレットの中心領域を表現でき、放射状ではなく、入射孔を通してレーザーが内表面にほぼ接線方向に照射される(Pisarczyk et al 2018 Sci. Rep.8 17 895)。報告された実験では、様々な直径のカタツムリ状ターゲットに、プラハのPALSレーザーシステム(ヨウ素レーザー、約500 J、350 ps、1.315 μm)からの直線偏光または円偏光パルスを照射した。3フレーム干渉計測により、レーザーとターゲットの相互作用のごく初期から、カタツムリ状ターゲットの内外面全体にプラズマが生成されることが実証された。ターゲット内外の磁場と電子密度分布の時間分解計測により、磁化プラズマの構造変化が特徴づけられた。ターゲット内部では、レーザーと物質の相互作用終了後も磁場が長く維持され、すなわち10 ns以上持続した。円偏光レーザーパルスと比較して、直線偏光ビームによるターゲット照射は、高温電子(HEs)の放出と磁場強度の両方を増大させた。高温電子の放出は等方的ではなく、そのエネルギー分布は単一温度では特徴づけられない。

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