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Effects of bias magnetic field on plasma ejection and dynamic characteristics of a coaxial gun operated in gas-puffed mode

Liangwen Qi, Jian Song, Fantao Zhao, Chongxiao Zhao, Huijie Yan, Dezhen Wang2021年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The effects of bias magnetic field on the discharge characteristics of a coaxial gun and the parameters of ejected plasma are studied. At constant initial conditions (charging voltage, gas-puffed), magnetic probe data at different axial positions reveal the influence of the external bias magnetic field on the current distribution within the annular flow channel. Both photodiode signals and plasma radiation images show the plasma ejection characteristics. It is found that either applying or not applying the bias magnetic field results in two types of plasma with distinct ejection characteristics: spheromak or jet. By comparing the plasma parameters with and without bias magnetic field, it is found that the variation of jets velocity and momentum with discharge conditions are consistent with the snowplow model, whereas the spheromak plasma is subjected to a retarding force during the ejection, which decelerates the spheromak. Irrespective of the bias magnetic field, an increase in the discharge current amplitude leads to an elevation in electron density and temperature. The density of the spheromak is lower than that of the jet, but the temperature is higher. This is due to the fact that the electromagnetic focusing mechanism in the jet leads to a further increase in density, while the magnetic field lines stretched during the formation of the spheromak inhibit the focusing effect and expand freely after ejection. In addition, the magnetic field stretching process consumes part of the axial kinetic energy from the plasma and converts it into magnetic energy. The subsequent magnetic reconnection event causes the magnetic energy to be dissipated resistively by heating the plasma and then be converted into thermal energy. These results give us a better understanding in the interaction between plasma and magnetic field.

日本語訳

バイアス磁場が同軸ガンの放電特性及び噴出プラズマのパラメータに及ぼす影響を研究した。一定の初期条件(充電電圧、ガスパフ)の下で、異なる軸方向位置における磁気プローブデータは、外部バイアス磁場が環状流路内の電流分布に与える影響を明らかにした。フォトダイオード信号とプラズマ放射画像の両方がプラズマ噴出特性を示している。バイアス磁場を印加するか否かによって、明確に異なる噴出特性を持つ2種類のプラズマ、すなわちスフェロマックまたはジェットが生成されることが分かった。バイアス磁場の有無によるプラズマパラメータを比較した結果、ジェットの速度と運動量の放電条件に対する変化はスノープロウモデルと一致する一方、スフェロマックプラズマは噴出中に減速力を受け、スフェロマックを減速させることが明らかになった。バイアス磁場の有無にかかわらず、放電電流振幅の増加は電子密度と電子温度の上昇をもたらす。スフェロマックの密度はジェットよりも低いが、温度は高い。これは、ジェットにおける電磁収束機構が密度のさらなる増加をもたらす一方、スフェロマック形成中に引き伸ばされた磁力線が収束効果を抑制し、噴出後に自由膨張するためである。さらに、磁力線の引き伸ばし過程はプラズマから軸方向の運動エネルギーの一部を消費し、それを磁気エネルギーに変換する。その後の磁気リコネクション事象は、磁気エネルギーを抵抗的に散逸させ、プラズマを加熱して熱エネルギーに変換する。これらの結果は、プラズマと磁場の相互作用の理解を深めるものである。

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