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Effect of micrometric hot spots on surface temperature measurement and flux calculation in the middle and long infrared

E Delchambre, G Counsell, A Kirk2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The non-uniformity of the target temperature due to micrometric hot spots (Hermann et al 2004 Phys. Scr. T 111 98) is an explanation for the experimental fact that near-infrared measurements yield higher temperature values than mid-infrared measurements (Hildebrandt et al 2003 InfraMation 2003 Proc. (Las Vegas, USA, October 2003), Delchambre et al 2005 J. Nucl. Mater.337–339 1069). The issue of micrometric hot spot disturbance in the surface temperature (Tsurf) measurement and heat load calculation is addressed in this paper. The theoretical investigation at 3, 5 and 12 µm and experiments in the range 3.5–5 µm indicate that the surface state can play an important role in the non-uniform heating surface and consequently in the overestimation of the bulk temperature. The contribution of the hot spots to temperature measurements and flux calculations has been simulated at different wavelengths. Calculations show that (1) the overestimation of the bulk temperature decreases with the wavelength and (2) the overestimation depends on the temperature difference, ΔT, between the bulk and the micrometric hot spots. In addition, experiments have been carried out in order to compare the flux calculations at different wavelengths on different graphite (polished, dusty). The results obtained are very sensitive to the surface state pointing out the difficulties in improving the heat flux calculation model, since the surface state can change during the plasma discharges. This paper shows that the problem of non-homogenous surface temperature can be significantly diminished on working at longer wavelengths.

日本語訳

ターゲット温度の不均一性は、ミクロンサイズのホットスポット(Hermann et al 2004 Phys. Scr. T 111 98)によるものであり、近赤外線測定が中赤外線測定よりも高い温度値を示すという実験事実の説明となる(Hildebrandt et al 2003 InfraMation 2003 Proc.(Las Vegas, USA, October 2003)、Delchambre et al 2005 J. Nucl. Mater. 337–339 1069)。本論文では、表面温度(Tsurf)測定および熱流束計算におけるミクロンサイズのホットスポットによる擾乱の問題を取り扱う。3、5、12 µmにおける理論的調査と3.5〜5 µmの範囲での実験により、表面状態が不均一な加熱表面において重要な役割を果たし得ることが示され、その結果としてバルク温度の過大評価が生じることが明らかになった。異なる波長におけるホットスポットの温度測定および熱流束計算への寄与をシミュレーションした。計算により、(1)バルク温度の過大評価は波長の増加とともに減少すること、(2)過大評価はバルクとミクロンサイズのホットスポット間の温度差ΔTに依存することが示された。さらに、異なるグラファイト表面(研磨面および粉塵付着面)における熱流束計算値を比較するための実験を実施した。得られた結果は表面状態に強く依存し、熱流束計算モデルの改善における困難を示している。これは、プラズマ放電中に表面状態が変化し得るためである。本論文は、より長い波長で作業することにより、不均一な表面温度の問題を大幅に低減できることを示している。

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