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On the interpretability and uncertainty propagation of polarimetric measurements in thermonuclear plasmas as a function of the input polarisation and laser wavelength

Riccardo Rossi, Francesco Paolo Orsitto, Luca Spolladore, Ivan Wyss, Pasquale Gaudio2020年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Plasma polarimetry is a diagnostic technique used in nuclear fusion reactors to measure the line integral of some plasma parameters, such as the electron density and the magnetic field, and constrain, analyse and validate the equilibrium models. Despite the strong link between the plasma properties and light polarisation propagation, the interpretation of plasma polarimetry remains complex and sometimes uncertain. The type 1 approximation is the most common hypothesis used to link the polarisation effects, such as the Faraday rotation and the Cotton Mouton phase shift, with the plasma properties (electron density and magnetic fields). However, this approximation is valid only in specific conditions, which depend on both the plasma configuration and initial polarisation of the electromagnetic wave. Moreover, the uncertainty propagations of these measurements are affected by regions where their values are too high to guarantee accurate values, making the measurement unsuitable. The need to measure an unsteady physical environment, which goes from the condition of no plasma to the flat top of the discharge, makes the setting of the measurement more constrained. The aim of this work is to analyse, both analytically and numerically, the behaviours of the interpretability and uncertainty propagation of polarisation measurements, in order to give a detailed and the most general as possible description of these issues, ensuring an easier, more performant and reliable understanding and design of plasma polarimetry. The results will show that an input linear polarisation around 45° degree is the most suitable for plasma polarimetry when type 1 approximation is adopted and which the choice of the laser wavelength governs the performances of the polarimeter.

日本語訳

プラズマ偏光測定は、核融合炉において電子密度や磁場などのプラズマパラメータの線積分を測定し、平衡モデルを制約・検証・評価するために用いられる診断手法である。プラズマ特性と光の偏光伝播との間には強い関連があるにもかかわらず、プラズマ偏光測定の解釈は複雑なままであり、時に不確実性を伴う。タイプ1近似は、ファラデー回転やコットン・ムートン位相シフトなどの偏光効果と、プラズマ特性(電子密度や磁場)とを関連付けるために用いられる最も一般的な仮定である。しかしながら、この近似が有効となるのは特定の条件下のみであり、その条件はプラズマ配位と電磁波の初期偏光状態の両方に依存する。さらに、これらの測定の不確かさの伝播は、その値が正確な測定を保証するには大きすぎる領域において影響を受け、測定が不適切となる。無プラズマ状態から放電のフラットトップに至るまでの非定常な物理環境を測定する必要性により、測定の設定はより制約を受けることになる。本研究の目的は、偏光測定の解釈可能性と不確かさ伝播の挙動を解析的および数値的に分析し、これらの問題について可能な限り詳細かつ一般的な記述を与え、プラズマ偏光測定のより容易で信頼性の高い理解と設計を可能にすることである。結果は、タイプ1近似を採用する場合、45度付近の入射直線偏光がプラズマ偏光測定に最も適しており、またレーザー波長の選択が偏光計の性能を左右することを示すであろう。

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