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Modelling and application of a new method to measure the non-thermal electron current in the edge of magnetically confined plasma

S.C. Liu, Y. Liang, H.X. Zhang, N. Yan, L. Liao, X.X. Zhang, X.J. Liu, W.Y. Wei, N. Zhao, L. Chen2021年被引用 1Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The non-thermal electrons could form considerable current in the edge plasma of tokamak and stellarator. A new method, named directional electron probe (DEP), is proposed to measure the edge non-thermal electron current in magnetically confined plasma. The DEP consists of two opposite channels whose connection line aligns with the local magnetic field line. Each channel has a hole with small radial width and enough thickness to block high energy ions due to their large Larmor radii, and at the end of the hole the collector is biased to positive voltage to repel low energy ions. In this way, the collected current of DEP is mainly contributed by electrons. A particle orbit simulation is performed based on the Boris algorithm, which demonstrates the validity and rationality of the DEP. According to the simulation, the ion collection probability is quite small if compared with the electron collection probability, consequently the collected current is mainly contributed by electrons. The collected currents of thermal electrons under Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution from both channels are almost equal, and the net current is driven by non-thermal electrons. A radial array of DEP has been successfully applied to the scrape-off layer (SOL) non-thermal electron current measurement in EAST. The amplitude and structure of the non-thermal electron current are observed during the lower hybrid wave heating phase. The experimental SOL net current is compared with the simulated net current from a rough estimation, revealing the same radial structure of SOL current and demonstrating the validity of DEP.

日本語訳

非熱電子は、トカマクおよびステラレーターのエッジプラズマにおいてかなりの電流を形成する可能性がある。磁気閉じ込めプラズマにおけるエッジ非熱電子電流を測定するために、方向性電子プローブ(DEP)と名付けられた新しい方法が提案されている。DEPは、その接続線が局所磁力線に沿って整列する2つの対向するチャネルから構成される。各チャネルは、小さな半径方向幅と、高エネルギーイオンをその大きなラーモア半径のために遮断するのに十分な厚さを持つ穴を有し、穴の端では、コレクタが正電圧にバイアスされて低エネルギーイオンを反発する。このようにして、DEPの収集電流は主に電子によって寄与される。ボリスアルゴリズムに基づく粒子軌道シミュレーションが実行され、DEPの有効性と合理性が実証される。シミュレーションによれば、イオン収集確率は電子収集確率と比較してかなり小さく、その結果、収集電流は主に電子によって寄与される。マクスウェル・ボルツマン分布下での熱電子の収集電流は両チャネルでほぼ等しく、正味電流は非熱電子によって駆動される。DEPの半径方向アレイは、EASTにおけるスクレープオフ層(SOL)非熱電子電流測定に成功裏に適用されている。非熱電子電流の振幅と構造は、低混成波加熱位相中に観測される。実験的なSOL電流は、粗い推定からのシミュレートされた正味電流と比較され、SOL電流の同じ半径方向構造を明らかにし、DEPの有効性を実証する。

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