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Electron surfing acceleration by the electron two-stream instability in a weak magnetic field

M E Dieckmann, P K Shukla2006年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The thermalization of relativistically flowing colliding plasmas is not well understood. The transition layer, in which both plasmas interact and thermalize, is wide and highly structured and the instabilities in this layer may yield non-thermal particle distributions and shock-less energy dissipation. The objective in this work is to explore the ability of an electron two-stream instability for thermalizing a plasma beam that moves at the mildly relativistic speed 0.3c through weakly magnetized plasma and to identify the resulting particle distributions. It is demonstrated here with particle-in-cell simulations that the electron two-stream instability leads to waves that propagate within a wide angular range relative to the flow velocity. The waves are thus not planar, as required for efficient electron surfing acceleration (ESA). The short lifetime of the waves implies, however, only weak modifications of the ESA by the oblique modes, since the waves are sufficiently homogeneous. The ion (proton) beams are not modulated, which would be required to extract some of their energy. The instability can thus heat the electrons significantly, but it fails to accelerate them to relativistic energies and it cannot form a shock layer by thermalizing the protons, at least not for the system and the resolved timescales considered here.

日本語訳

相対論的速度で流れるプラズマの衝突による熱化は、十分に理解されていない。両プラズマが相互作用し熱化する遷移層は厚く、高度に構造化されており、この層における不安定性は、非熱的な粒子分布や衝撃波を伴わないエネルギー散逸をもたらす可能性がある。本研究の目的は、弱磁化プラズマ中を0.3cの速度で移動するプラズマビームの熱化における、電子二流体不安定性の役割を探求し、その結果生じる粒子分布を特定することである。粒子セルシミュレーションを用いて、電子二流体不安定性が流れの速度に対して広い角度範囲に伝播する波を励起することを実証する。したがって、これらの波は、効率的な電子サーフィン加速(ESA)に必要な平面波ではない。しかし、波の寿命が短いため、斜めモードによるESAの変調は弱く、波は十分に一様である。イオン(陽子)ビームは変調されず、そのエネルギーの一部を抽出するために必要な条件は満たされない。この不安定性は電子を有意に加熱できるが、相対論的エネルギーまで加速することはできず、少なくともここで考慮した系と分解能のある時間スケールにおいては、陽子を熱化して衝撃波層を形成することもできない。

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