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Ion acceleration with few-cycle relativistic laser pulses from foil targets

Sargis Ter-Avetisyan, Parvin Varmazyar, Prashant K Singh, Joon-Gon Son, Miklos Fule, Valery Yu Bychenkov, Balazs Farkas, Kwinten Nelissen, Sudipta Mondal, Daniel Papp2023年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Ion acceleration resulting from the interaction of 11 fs laser pulses of 35 mJ energy with ultrahigh contrast (<10−10) and 1019 W cm−2 peak intensity with foil targets made of various materials and thicknesses at normal (0°) and 45° laser incidence is investigated. The maximum energy of the protons reached ∼1.4 MeV accelerated in the laser propagation direction and ∼1.2 MeV in the opposite direction from a formvar target. The energy conversion efficiency from the laser to the proton beam is estimated to be as high as ∼1.4% at 45° laser incidence using a 51 nm thick target. The high laser contrast indicates the predominance of vacuum heating via Brunel's effect as an absorption mechanism involving a tiny pre-plasma at the target front. The experimental results are in reasonable agreement with theoretical estimates, where proton acceleration from the target front side in the backward direction is well explained by the Coulomb explosion of a charged cavity formed in a tiny pre-plasma, while forward proton acceleration is likely to be a two-step process: protons are first accelerated in the target front-side cavity and then further boosted in energy through the target back side via the target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) mechanism.

日本語訳

イオン加速は、10⁻¹⁰未満の超高コントラストと10¹⁹ W cm⁻²のピーク強度を有する35 mJの11 fsレーザーパルスと、様々な材料および厚さのフォイルターゲットとの相互作用、ならびに0°および45°のレーザー入射角において調査された。陽子の最大エネルギーは、レーザー伝播方向に加速された場合に約1.4 MeVに達し、フォルマーターゲットから反対方向に加速された場合には約1.2 MeVに達した。レーザーから陽子ビームへのエネルギー変換効率は、45°のレーザー入射角で51 nm厚のターゲットを用いた場合に約1.4%と推定された。高いレーザーコントラストは、ターゲット前面に微小なプレプラズマを伴うブラン効果による真空加熱が支配的な吸収機構であることを示している。実験結果は理論的推定と合理的に一致しており、後方方向への陽子加速は、微小なプレプラズマ中に形成された荷電空洞のクーロン爆発によってよく説明される一方、前方方向への陽子加速は2段階過程である可能性が高い。すなわち、陽子はまずターゲット前面側の空洞内で加速され、その後、ターゲット背面側のシース電場(ターゲットノーマルシース加速、TNSA機構)によってさらにエネルギーが増大する。

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Ion accelerationRelativistic laser
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