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Impact-driven shock waves and thermonuclear neutron generation

S Yu Guskov, H Azechi, N N Demchenko, I Ya Doskoch, M Murakami, V B Rozanov, T Sakaiya, T Watari, N V Zmitrenko2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Impact-driven shock waves, thermonuclear plasma and neutron yield were investigated. The results of 2D numerical simulations and Gekko/HIPER laser experiments on the collision of a laser-accelerated disk-projectile with a massive target, both containing (CD)n-material, are discussed. A two-temperature model of the non-equilibrium plasma created by impact-driven shock waves due to the collision of a laser-accelerated planar projectile with a massive target was developed and used for analysis of the numerical and experimental results. The model defines the characteristics of shock waves and plasmas (including their lifetime) as well as neutron yields in both the colliding objects as functions of velocity, density and mass of the projectile–impactor just before collision. The neutron yield generated during the period of laser-driven acceleration of the impactor was also determined.Two effects were discovered that exert a substantial influence on the plasma parameters and neutron yield. The first of them relates to the formation of the pre-impact state of the impactor. It decreases the projectile density due to thermal expansion of its matter through a free boundary during the period of laser-driven acceleration. The other relates to the formation of impact-produced plasma. Predominant heating of the ion component of plasma leads to the existence of a non-equilibrium two-temperature plasma during the period of electron–ion relaxation.

日本語訳

衝撃波、熱核プラズマ、および中性子収量を調査した。レーザー加速された円盤状飛翔体と、いずれも(CD)n材料からなる大型標的との衝突に関する2次元数値シミュレーションおよびGekko/HIPERレーザー実験の結果について考察する。レーザー加速された平面飛翔体と大型標的との衝突によって生じる非平衡プラズマの二温度モデルを構築し、数値的・実験的結果の解析に適用した。このモデルは、衝突直前の飛翔体の速度・密度・質量の関数として、衝突物体双方における衝撃波とプラズマの特性(その寿命を含む)および中性子収量を定義する。レーザー駆動加速期間中に生成される中性子収量も決定した。プラズマパラメータと中性子収量に顕著な影響を及ぼす2つの効果が明らかになった。第1の効果は飛翔体の衝突前状態の形成に関連する。これは、レーザー駆動加速期間中に自由境界を通じて飛翔体物質が熱膨張することにより、飛翔体密度を減少させる。第2の効果は衝突生成プラズマの形成に関連する。プラズマのイオン成分の優先的加熱により、電子-イオン緩和期間中に非平衡の二温度プラズマが存在することになる。

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