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Effect of partially ionized impurities and radiation on the effective critical electric field for runaway generation

L Hesslow, O Embréus, G J Wilkie, G Papp, T Fülöp2018年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

We derive a formula for the effective critical electric field for runaway generation and decay that accounts for the presence of partially ionized impurities in combination with synchrotron and bremsstrahlung radiation losses. We show that the effective critical field is drastically larger than the classical Connor–Hastie field, and even exceeds the value obtained by replacing the free electron density by the total electron density (including both free and bound electrons). Using a kinetic equation solver with an inductive electric field, we show that the runaway current decay after an impurity injection is expected to be linear in time and proportional to the effective critical electric field in highly inductive tokamak devices. This is relevant for the efficacy of mitigation strategies for runaway electrons since it reduces the required amount of injected impurities to achieve a certain current decay rate.

日本語訳

我々は、部分電離不純物の存在をシンクロトロン放射および制動放射損失と組み合わせて考慮した、逃走電子の生成と減衰に対する実効臨界電場の公式を導出する。実効臨界電場は古典的なConnor–Hastie電場よりも大幅に大きく、自由電子密度を全電子密度(自由電子と束縛電子の両方を含む)で置き換えて得られる値をも上回ることを示す。誘導電場を伴う運動論方程式ソルバーを用いて、高インダクタンスのトカマク装置において不純物注入後の逃走電子電流の減衰は時間に対して線形であり、実効臨界電場に比例することが期待されることを示す。これは、特定の電流減衰率を達成するために必要な注入不純物量を低減するため、逃走電子の緩和戦略の有効性に関連する。

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