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Impurities in Tokamaks: Sources, Effects and Control (Report on the IAEA Technical Committee Meeting, Alushta, 1979)

V.A. Abramov1980年被引用 2Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The IAEA Technical Committee on Impurities in Tokamaks met at Alushta (Ukrainian SSR) from 8 to 12 October 1979. It discussed the present status of knowledge on the behaviour of impurities in tokamaks – their sources and dynamics, and the methods of controlling them. The meeting was convened at the initiative of the IAEA and organized by the Kharkov Physico-Technical Institute. At Alushta, 23 participants from seven countries (eight from USA, seven from the Federal Republic of Germany, three from France, two from Great Britain and one each from Hungary, the Netherlands and Japan) came together with 14 participants from the USSR. In more than 30 papers and during the extensive discussions which followed the presentations practically all the main aspects of the impurity problem were considered. As a result of the meeting, it became clear that in the last five years substantial advances had been made towards obtaining, in tokamaks, a sufficiently pure plasma with Zeff close to unity. This has been achieved by using new methods of purifying the discharge chamber walls, titanium gettering, graphite limiters and programmed filling of gas. Active methods of impurity control – with divertors and asymmetric injection of neutral hydrogen – were also found to be successful. The principal conclusions arrived at by the participants are reviewed below.

日本語訳

IAEAトカマクにおける不純物に関する専門家会合は、1979年10月8日から12日までアルシタ(ウクライナSSR)で開催された。会合では、トカマクにおける不純物の挙動——その発生源と動力学、およびその制御方法——に関する知識の現状が議論された。本会合はIAEAの主導により招集され、ハリコフ物理工学研究所が主催した。アルシタには、7か国(米国から8名、ドイツ連邦共和国から7名、フランスから3名、英国から2名、ハンガリー、オランダ、日本から各1名)からの23名の参加者が、ソ連からの14名の参加者とともに集まった。30以上の論文および発表後の広範な議論を通じて、不純物問題の主要な側面のほぼすべてが検討された。会合の結果、過去5年間に、トカマクにおいて実効電荷数Zeffが1に近い十分に純粋なプラズマを得るための実質的な進歩が達成されたことが明らかになった。これは、放電容器壁の浄化の新手法、チタンゲッタリング、グラファイトリミッター、およびプログラム化されたガス充填の使用によって達成された。ダイバータおよび中性水素の非対称入射による不純物の能動的制御方法もまた、成功を収めることが判明した。参加者によって到達された主要な結論を以下に概説する。

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