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Dynamics of tilted eddies in a transversal flow at the edge of tokamak plasmas and the consequences for L–H transition

N Fedorczak, Ph Ghendrih, P Hennequin, G R Tynan, P H Diamond, P Manz2013年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The dynamical interaction between eddies and shear flow is investigated through a simplified model of vorticity conservation with tilted eddies. Energy is transferred either to the flow or to eddies, depending on the eddy tilt with respect to the flow shear. When eddies are tilted in the shear direction, the system is favorable to shear increase: tilt instability (TI) or the negative viscosity phenomenon. When eddies are tilted in the opposite direction, the shear flow is damped via a Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) process. The TI generally dominates the interaction on the largest radial scale, but a fraction of the energy cascades to smaller radial scales through the alternation of tilting and KH dynamics. Within this eddy description, we show that the symmetry breaking required to generate a net residual stress is set by the intrinsic eddy tilt. We recall that magnetic shear can provide an intrinsic tilt to ballooning modes at the edge of tokamak plasmas, with an orientation which depends on flux surface geometry. In L-mode weak shear regimes, this residual stress can dominate the Reynolds stress. Coupled to momentum sources acting in the scrape-off layer, it can induce a significant difference of the edge radial electric field between lower single null and upper single null geometries. A comparison with experimental profiles measured across the edge of Tore Supra L-mode plasmas is discussed.

日本語訳

渦とせん断流の間の動的相互作用を、傾斜した渦を伴う渦度保存の簡略化モデルを通じて調べる。エネルギーは、流れに対する渦の傾きに応じて、流れまたは渦のいずれかに伝達される。渦がせん断方向に傾いている場合、系はせん断の増大に有利に働く:傾斜不安定性(TI)、すなわち負の粘性現象である。渦が反対方向に傾いている場合、せん断流はケルビン・ヘルムホルツ(KH)過程を介して減衰される。TIは一般に最大の動径スケールでの相互作用を支配するが、エネルギーの一部は、傾斜とKHダイナミクスの交互作用を通じて、より小さな動径スケールへとカスケードする。この渦描像の中で、正味の残留応力を生成するために必要な対称性の破れが、固有の渦傾斜によって決定されることを示す。トカマクプラズマの周辺部におけるバルーニングモードには、磁気シアが固有の傾斜を与え得ることを想起する。その向きは磁気面の幾何形状に依存する。Lモードの弱いせん断領域では、この残留応力がレイノルズ応力に対して支配的となり得る。スクレイプオフ層で作用する運動量源と結合することで、下部単一零次(lower single null)と上部単一零次(upper single null)の幾何形状の間で、周辺部の動径電場に有意な差を誘起し得る。Tore SupraのLモードプラズマの周辺部で測定されたプロファイルとの比較について議論する。

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