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Femtosecond laser-generated high-energy-density states studied by x-ray FELs

M Nakatsutsumi, K Appel, C Baehtz, B Chen, T E Cowan, S Göde, Z Konopkova, A Pelka, G Priebe, A Schmidt2017年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The combination of powerful optical lasers and an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) provides unique capabilities to study the transient behaviour of matter in extreme conditions. The high energy density science instrument (HED instrument) at the European XFEL will provide the experimental platform on which an unique x-ray source can be combined with various types of high-power optical lasers. In this paper, we highlight selected scientific examples together with the associated x-ray techniques, with particular emphasis on femtosecond (fs)-timescale pump–probe experiments. Subsequently, we present the current design status of the HED instrument, outlining how the experiments could be performed. First user experiments will start at the beginning of 2018, after which various optical lasers will be commissioned and made available to the international scientific community.

日本語訳

高輝度光学レーザーとX線自由電子レーザー(XFEL)の組み合わせは、極限状態における物質の過渡的挙動を研究するための独自の能力を提供する。欧州XFELにおける高エネルギー密度科学機器(HED機器)は、独自のX線源と様々なタイプの高出力光学レーザーを組み合わせることができる実験プラットフォームを提供する。本論文では、特にフェムト秒(fs)タイムスケールのポンプ・プローブ実験に焦点を当て、関連するX線技術とともに、選定された科学的例を紹介する。続いて、HED機器の現在の設計状況を示し、実験がどのように実施され得るかを概説する。最初のユーザー実験は2018年初頭に開始され、その後、様々な光学レーザーが順次コミッショニングされ、国際的な科学コミュニティに提供される予定である。

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