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Estimation of the thermal diffusion coefficient in fusion plasmas taking frequency measurement uncertainties into account

M van Berkel, H J Zwart, G M D Hogeweij, G Vandersteen, H van den Brand, M R de Baar, the ASDEX Upgrade Team2014年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

In this paper, the estimation of the thermal diffusivity from perturbative experiments in fusion plasmas is discussed. The measurements used to estimate the thermal diffusivity suffer from stochastic noise. Accurate estimation of the thermal diffusivity should take this into account. It will be shown that formulas found in the literature often result in a thermal diffusivity that has a bias (a difference between the estimated value and the actual value that remains even if more measurements are added) or have an unnecessarily large uncertainty. This will be shown by modeling a plasma using only diffusion as heat transport mechanism and measurement noise based on ASDEX Upgrade measurements. The Fourier coefficients of a temperature perturbation will exhibit noise from the circular complex normal distribution (CCND). Based on Fourier coefficients distributed according to a CCND, it is shown that the resulting probability density function of the thermal diffusivity is an inverse non-central chi-squared distribution. The thermal diffusivity that is found by sampling this distribution will always be biased, and averaging of multiple estimated diffusivities will not necessarily improve the estimation. Confidence bounds are constructed to illustrate the uncertainty in the diffusivity using several formulas that are equivalent in the noiseless case. Finally, a different method of averaging, that reduces the uncertainty significantly, is suggested. The methodology is also extended to the case where damping is included, and it is explained how to include the cylindrical geometry.

日本語訳

本論文では、核融合プラズマにおける摂動実験からの熱拡散率の推定について論じる。熱拡散率の推定に用いられる測定値は、確率的ノイズの影響を受ける。熱拡散率の正確な推定には、このことを考慮に入れるべきである。文献に見られる公式は、しばしば、バイアス(測定回数を増やしても残る、推定値と真の値との差)を生じさせるか、あるいは不必要に大きな不確実性をもたらすことを示す。このことは、熱輸送機構として拡散のみを考慮し、ASDEX Upgradeの測定値に基づくノイズを仮定したプラズマモデルを用いて実証される。温度摂動のフーリエ係数は、円形複素正規分布(CCND)に従うノイズを含む。CCNDに従って分布するフーリエ係数に基づき、熱拡散率の確率密度関数が逆非心カイ二乗分布となることが示される。この分布からサンプリングされる熱拡散率は常にバイアスを有し、複数の推定値の平均化によっても必ずしも推定は改善されない。ノイズのない場合に等価となる複数の公式を用いて、拡散率の不確実性を表す信頼限界が構築される。最後に、不確実性を有意に低減する異なる平均化手法が提案される。さらに、この方法論は減衰が存在する場合へ拡張され、円筒形状を考慮する方法についても説明される。

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asdex-upgrade中精度(概要文一致)
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