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Lifetime and thermal-structural performance of various first wall concepts and implications of creep-fatigue for design and licensing

Panayiotis J. Karditsas1998年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractPerformance and lifetime estimation calculations of two fusion power plant first wall concepts in DEMO-relevant conditions are presented and conclusions are drawn. The limitations that arise from fatigue, thermal and irradiation creep phenomena, and the implications for successful design, licensing and power plant operation, are discussed. Calculation results show that the zero-fatigue lifetime (creep damage only) is 2.52 years for the helium and 2.82 years for the water cooled concepts respectively for a wall load of 2.4 MW m−2, with the bulk of damage occuring during the power-on period. At higher temperatures, the structure becomes more susceptible to fatigue and even a small number of large duration events are capable of reducing lifetime significantly; in the helium cooled design lifetime reduces from 2.52 years (zero-fatigue) to ∼1.45 years. In general, all of the damage mechanisms examined exhibit a dampened behaviour with decreasing temperature. Lifetime improvement is possible if the time to failure at the full power-on stress level can be extended.

日本語訳

核融合発電所の第一壁概念の2つの設計における、DEMO条件下での性能および寿命評価計算を示し、結論を導く。疲労、熱クリープ、照射クリープから生じる制約と、設計の成功、許認可、発電所運転への影響について考察する。計算結果によれば、ゼロ疲労寿命(クリープ損傷のみ)は、壁負荷2.4 MW m⁻²において、ヘリウム冷却方式で2.52年、水冷却方式で2.82年であり、損傷の大部分は運転期間中に発生する。高温域では構造物は疲労の影響を受けやすくなり、短期間の大規模事象でも寿命を大幅に短縮し得る。ヘリウム冷却設計では、寿命は2.52年(ゼロ疲労時)から約1.45年へと短縮される。一般に、検討したすべての損傷メカニズムは、温度低下に伴いその影響が緩和される。全出力運転時の応力負荷期間を延長できれば、寿命の向上が可能となる。

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