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Overview of LHD experiments

M. Fujiwara, K. Kawahata, N. Ohyabu, O. Kaneko, A. Komori, H. Yamada, N. Ashikawa, L.R. Baylor, S.K. Combs, P.C. deVries2001年被引用 54Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

During the first two years of the LHD experiment the following resultshave been achieved: (i) higher Te (Te(0) = 4.4 keV at ⟨ne⟩ = 5.3 × 1018 m-3and Pabs = 1.8 MW); (ii) higher confinement (τE = 0.3 s, Te(0) = 1.1 keV at ⟨ne⟩ = 6.5 × 1019 m-3and Pabs = 2.0 MW); (iii) higher stored energy, Wpdia = 880 kJ at B = 2.75 T. High performance plasmas have been realized in the inward shifted magneticaxis configuration (R = 3.6 m) where helical symmetry is recovered and the particle orbitproperties are improved by a trade-off of MHD stability properties due to the appearance of amagnetic hill. Energy confinement was systematically higher than that predicted by theInternational Stellarator Scaling 95 by up to a factor of 1.6 and was comparable with theELMy H mode confinement capability in tokamaks. This confinement improvement is attributed to configuration control (inward shift of the magnetic axis) and to the formation of a high edgetemperature. The average beta value achieved reached 2.4% at B = 1.3 T, the highest betavalue ever obtained in a helical device, and so far no degradation of confinement by MHDphenomena has been observed. The inward shifted configuration has also led to successful ICRFminority ion heating. ICRF powers up to 1.3 MW were reliably injected into the plasma withoutsignificant impurity contamination, and a plasma with a stored energy of 200 kJ was sustainedfor 5 s by ICRF alone. As another important result, long pulse discharges of more than 1 min were successfully achieved separately with an NBI heating of 0.5 MW and with an ICRFheating of 0.85 MW.

日本語訳

LHD実験の最初の2年間において、以下の結果が達成された:(i) より高いTe(⟨ne⟩ = 5.3 × 10¹⁸ m⁻³、Pabs = 1.8 MWにおいてTe(0) = 4.4 keV);(ii) より高い閉じ込め(τE = 0.3秒、⟨ne⟩ = 6.5 × 10¹⁹ m⁻³、Pabs = 2.0 MWにおいてTe(0) = 1.1 keV);(iii) より高い蓄積エネルギー(B = 2.75 TにおいてWpdia = 880 kJ)。高性能プラズマは、内側シフト磁気軸配位(R = 3.6 m)において実現された。この配位では、磁気井戸の出現によるMHD安定性特性のトレードオフとして、ヘリカル対称性が回復し、粒子軌道特性が改善される。エネルギー閉じ込めは、国際ステラレータースケーリング則による予測値を系統的に最大1.6倍上回り、ELMy Hモード閉じ込め能力に匹敵するものであった。この閉じ込め改善は、配位制御(磁気軸の内側シフト)と高周辺温度の形成に起因する。平均ベータ値は、B = 1.3 Tにおいて2.4%に達し、これはヘリカル装置でこれまでに達成された最高値であり、MHD現象による閉じ込めの劣化はこれまで観測されていない。内側シフト配位はまた、ICRF少数イオン加熱の成功にも寄与した。ICRF出力は最大1.3 MWまでプラズマへ確実に入射され、顕著な不純物混入は見られなかった。さらに、蓄積エネルギー200 kJのプラズマがICRFのみにより5秒間維持された。また、別の重要な成果として、NBI加熱0.5 MWおよびICRF加熱0.85 MWにより、それぞれ1分を超える長時間放電が個別に成功裏に達成された。

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