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Experimental investigation on magnetic field strength providing thrust saturation in a magnetic nozzle radiofrequency plasma thruster

Kazunori Takahashi, Soya Sumikawa2024年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Magnetic field strength applied to a magnetic nozzle radiofrequency (rf) plasma thruster having a 10.5 cm diameter source tube is increased up to about 3 kG by pulsing the solenoid current. A target plate is installed at 30 cm downstream of the source and an impulse bit exerted to the target is measured to assess the thrust, where the thrust balance measurement was impossible due to the interaction between the pulsed magnetic fields and the eddy currents on surroundings. Since the diameter of the plasma plume at the target location is larger than the target diameter, a comparison between the thrust balance and target measurements under continuous magnetic field and rf power is performed prior to the pulsed magnetic field experiments, showing that about 65 percent of the plasma momentum is exerted to the target plate. Saturation of the impulse bit, being equivalent to the force multiplied by the rf pulse width, is clearly observed when increasing the magnetic field strength. The magnetic field providing the force saturation is found to be changed by the source diameter, which is qualitatively explained by considering a change in the plasma loss to the source wall in a thruster model containing the particle balance, power balance, and one-dimensional magnetic nozzle models. It is suggested that the magnetic field strength required for optimizing the force, i.e. the thrust, can be reduced when enlarging the source tube diameter.

日本語訳

磁気ノズル高周波プラズマスラスタ(直径10.5 cmのソース管を有する)に印加する磁場強度を、ソレノイド電流をパルス化することにより約3 kGまで増加させた。スラスト測定用のターゲット板をソースから30 cm下流に設置し、ターゲットに伝達されるインパルスビットを測定した。なお、定常磁場および高周波印加条件下では、パルス磁場と周囲構造物の渦電流との相互作用によりスラストバランス測定が不可能であったため、パルス磁場実験に先立ち、定常磁場および高周波印加条件下でスラストバランス測定とターゲット測定の比較を行い、プラズマ運動量の約65%がターゲット板に伝達されることを確認した。磁場強度の増加に伴い、力に高周波パルス幅を乗じた値に相当するインパルスビットの飽和が明確に観測された。力の飽和をもたらす磁場はソース直径によって変化することが見出され、これは粒子バランス、パワーバランス、および一次元磁気ノズルモデルを含むスラスタモデルにおいて、ソース壁へのプラズマ損失の変化を考慮することで定性的に説明された。ソース管直径を拡大することで、力(すなわちスラスト)の最適化に必要な磁場強度を低減できる可能性が示唆された。

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