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`Quasi-local' wave equations in toroidal geometry with applications to fast wave propagation and absorption at high harmonics of the ion cyclotron frequency

Marco Brambilla2002年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The integral constitutive relation for high frequency waves propagating in toroidal axisymmetric plasmas, obtained by formal integration of the linearized Vlasov equation, is simplified assuming the range of spatial dispersion to be small compared to the linear dimensions of the plasma. We propose to call this the `quasi-local approximation'. A (formally infinite) system of purely differential wave equations is obtained, which should be a good approximation under conditions similar to those which would justify an Eikonal Ansatz for the form of the wave fields. This system is valid to all orders in the Larmor radius, and, in the presence of a poloidal static magnetic field, predicts a different plasma response to each poloidal Fourier component of the h.f. field. Compared to ray tracing based on the Eikonal approximation, these wave equations have the advantage of allowing to take into account periodicity, boundary conditions, and toroidicity-induced coupling between poloidal Fourier modes.As an example, the quasi-local wave equations are used to model propagation and absorption of the compressional wave at frequencies higher than the ion cyclotron frequency in the high-β plasma of the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment in Princeton, USA. Because of the low magnetic field and the tight aspect ratio of this device, large Larmor radius effects and toroidicity play an important role in these experiments. This example, therefore, illustrates well the importance of taking into account these effects, and, in particular, the different response of the plasma to each poloidal Fourier mode.

日本語訳

トロイダル軸対称プラズマ中を伝播する高周波波に対する積分構成関係式は、線形化されたVlasov方程式の形式的積分によって得られ、空間分散がプラズマの線形寸法に比べて小さいと仮定して簡略化される。我々はこれを「準局所近似」と呼ぶことを提案する。(形式的に無限次の)純微分波動方程式系が得られ、これは波場の形式に対するEikonal近似を正当化する条件と同様の条件下で良い近似となるはずである。この方程式系はLarmor半径のすべての次数に対して有効であり、ポロイダル静磁場の存在下では、高周波場の各ポロイダルFourier成分に対して異なるプラズマ応答を予測する。Eikonal近似に基づく光線追跡法と比較して、これらの波動方程式は周期性、境界条件、およびポロイダルモード間のトロイダル誘起結合を考慮に入れることができるという利点を有する。例として、準局所波動方程式を用いて、米国プリンストンにあるNational Spherical Tokamak Experimentの高βプラズマ中におけるイオンサイクロトロン周波数より高い周波数の圧縮波の伝播と吸収をモデル化する。この装置の低磁場と緊密なアスペクト比により、大きなLarmor半径効果とトロイダル性がこれらの実験において重要な役割を果たす。したがって、この例は、これらの効果、特に各ポロイダルFourierモードに対するプラズマの異なる応答を考慮に入れることの重要性をよく示している。

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