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Cerenkov absorption of "whistles" in an inhomooeneous plasma cylinder

V.V. Dolgopolov, A.I. Ermakov, N.I. Nazarov, K.N. Stepanov, V.T. Tolok1963年被引用 10Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

We describe Cerenkov absorption by plasma electrons of electromagnetic waves that have a frequency considerably smaller than the gyro frequency of electrons and considerably larger than the gyro frequency of ions, the so-called "whistling atmospherics" that propagate along the inhomogeneous plasma cylinder. An expression has been deduced for the energy absorbed by a length unit of the plasma cylinder per unit time, and a coefficient has been found for the damping of free oscillations propagating along the plasma cylinder. If the phase velocity of the wave is of the order of the thermal velocity of the electrons and the wavelength is of the order of the plasma radius, the energy gained per unit time on the average by one plasma electron equals dW/dt ≈ (Hz2/Ho2)ωTe (Hz is the amplitude of the magnetic field of the wave; ω is its frequency; H0 is the steady magnetic field strength; Te is the electron temperature). The limits of applicability of the linear theory are discussed. For fields Hz larger than some critical value Hc ≈ H0 (ωτ)−2/3, where τ is the frequency of collisions between electrons and ions, a plateau forms for the background distribution function, Under conditions when distortion of the distribution function becomes large, dW/dt ≈ Tc/τ. Since W ≈ Tc, electron temperature increases in this case according to the law Te ≈ T0 [l + at/τ]2/3, where T0 is the initial elecgron temperature and a ≈ 1. Since the field of whistles penetrates well into the plasma, their Cerenkov absorption can be used for the heating of the electron component of a plasma with large density (n0 ≈ 1014—1015cm−3) and with a sufficiently large initial temperature (T0≳ 100 eV).

日本語訳

我々は、電子のジャイロ周波数よりもかなり小さく、イオンのジャイロ周波数よりもかなり大きい周波数を持つ電磁波、すなわち不均一プラズマ円筒に沿って伝播するいわゆる「ホイスラー大気雑音」のプラズマ電子によるチェレンコフ吸収について述べる。プラズマ円筒の単位長さあたり単位時間に吸収されるエネルギーに対する式が導出され、プラズマ円筒に沿って伝播する自由振動の減衰係数が見出された。波の位相速度が電子の熱速度の程度であり、波長がプラズマ半径の程度である場合、1個のプラズマ電子が平均的に単位時間に得るエネルギーは dW/dt ≈ (Hz2/Ho2)ωTe に等しい(ここでHzは波の磁場の振幅、ωはその周波数、H0は定常磁場の強さ、Teは電子温度である)。線形理論の適用限界が議論される。ここでτは電子とイオンの衝突頻度である。Hzがある臨界値 Hc ≈ H0 (ωτ)−2/3 より大きい場合、背景分布関数にプラトーが形成される。分布関数の歪みが大きくなる条件下では、dW/dt ≈ Tc/τ となる。W ≈ Tc であるので、この場合電子温度は Te ≈ T0 [l + at/τ]2/3 の法則に従って増加する。ここでT0は初期電子温度、a ≈ 1である。ホイスラー波の場はプラズマ中によく浸透するので、そのチェレンコフ吸収は、高密度(n0 ≈ 1014—1015cm−3)かつ十分に高い初期温度(T0≳ 100 eV)を持つプラズマの電子成分の加熱に用いることができる。

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