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Characterization of early current quench time during massive impurity injection in JT-60SA

T. Yokoyama, A. Matsuyama, Y. Yamamoto, S. Miyamoto, Y. Shibata, S. Inoue, S. Kojima, S. Nakamura, T. Wakatsuki, M. Yoshida2023年Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Characteristics of the early current quench (CQ) time in mitigated disruptions are studied for a full-current (5.5 MA) scenario in the JT-60SA superconducting tokamak. Self-consistent evolution of the plasma temperature and current density profiles during the early CQ phase before the plasma moves vertically is simulated using the axisymmetric disruption code INDEX for given impurity source profiles. It is shown that the hollow (flat) impurity density profiles peaks (flattens) the current density, and it causes a temporal change in the internal inductance in this phase. However the resultant CQ time is found to be insensitive to the impurity source profile for the same assimilated quantity. The simulation results are interpreted by the L/R model including the temporal change in the internal inductance as well as the effect of a gap between the plasma and the conducting vessel structures and stabilizing plates. This results will improve the accuracy to estimate the amount of impurity assimilated into plasma from the observed CQ rate in the massive gas injection (MGI) experiment planned in JT-60SA. The accessible range in which the CQ time can be scanned as well as the electron densities to suppress runaway electrons is also shown for different injected amounts of neon, argon, and their deuterium mixture under the limitation of the MGI gas amount. Mitigated disruptions in JT-60SA typically lead to the CQ time shorter than the vessel wall time, which is expected to produce relevant contributions to disruption mitigation in ITER and future reactors.

日本語訳

初期電流クエンチ(CQ)時間の特性を、JT-60SA超伝導トカマクにおける全電流(5.5 MA)シナリオについて、緩和ディスラプションにおいて調べた。プラズマが鉛直方向に移動する前の初期CQ位相におけるプラズマ温度と電流密度分布の自己無矛盾な時間発展を、与えられた不純物源分布に対して軸対称ディスラプションコードINDEXを用いてシミミュレーションした。中空(平坦)な不純物密度分布は電流密度をピーク状に(平坦に)し、この位相における内部インダクタンスの時間変化を引き起こすことが示される。しかし、結果として得られるCQ時間は、同じ取り込み量に対しては不純物源分布に鈍感であることが見いだされた。シミミュレーション結果は、内部インダクタンスの時間変化と、プラズマと導電性容器構造および安定化板との間のギャップの効果を含むL/Rモデルによって解釈される。この結果は、JT-60SAで計画されている massive gas injection(MGI)実験において、観測されたCQ率からプラズマに取り込まれた不純物量を推定する精度を向上させるであろう。CQ時間を走査できる到達可能範囲と、逃走電子を抑制するための電子密度も、MGIガス量の制限下で、ネオン、アルゴン、およびそれらの重水素混合の異なる注入量について示される。JT-60SAにおける緩和ディスラプションは、典型的には容器壁時定数よりも短いCQ時間をもたらし、これはITERおよび将来の核融合炉におけるディスラプション緩和への関連する貢献を生み出すと期待される。

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