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Beam model of Doppler backscattering

Valerian H Hall-Chen, Felix I Parra, Jon C Hillesheim2022年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

We use beam tracing—implemented with a newly-written code, Scotty—and the reciprocity theorem to derive a model for the linear backscattered power of the Doppler backscattering (DBS) diagnostic. Our model works for both the O-mode and X-mode in tokamak geometry (and certain regimes of stellarators). We present the analytical derivation of our model and its implications for the DBS signal localisation and the wavenumber resolution. In determining these two quantities, we find that it is the curvature of the field lines and the magnetic shear that are important, rather than the curvature of the cut-off surface. We also provide an explicit formula for the hitherto poorly-understood quantitative effect of the mismatch angle. Consequently, one can use this model to correct for attenuation due to mismatch, avoiding the need for empirical optimisation. This is especially important in spherical tokamaks, since the magnetic pitch angle is large and varies both spatially and temporally.

日本語訳

我々は、ビームトレーシング(新たに作成したコードScottyを用いて実装)と相反定理を用いて、ドップラー後方散乱(DBS)診断の線形後方散乱パワーのモデルを導出する。本モデルは、トカマク幾何学(および特定のステラレーター領域)におけるOモードとXモードの両方に適用可能である。我々は、このモデルの解析的導出と、DBS信号の局在性および波数分解能に対するその影響について提示する。これら二つの量を決定する際に、重要なのはカットオフ面の曲率ではなく、磁力線の曲率と磁気シアであることが分かる。また、ミスマッチ角の定量的影響について、これまで十分に理解されていなかった明示的な公式を提供する。これにより、本モデルを用いてミスマッチによる減衰を補正することが可能となり、経験的な最適化が不要となる。これは、磁気ピッチ角が大きく、空間的・時間的に変動する球状トカマクにおいて特に重要である。

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